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馬鈴薯中耕前期圓盤式中耕機設計與試驗
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2016YFD0701600、2017YFD0700705)、黑龍江省馬鈴薯產(chǎn)業(yè)技術協(xié)同創(chuàng)新推廣體系項目和黑龍江八一農(nóng)墾大學三橫三縱支持計劃項目(TDJH201803)


Design and Test of Disc Potato Cultivator at Early Inter-tillage
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    摘要:

    針對現(xiàn)有馬鈴薯中耕機在第1次中耕作業(yè)時存在作業(yè)效果不佳,、易傷苗的問題,對圓盤式馬鈴薯中耕機進行設計與試驗,。闡述了該機的工作原理,,通過理論計算對其關鍵部件進行設計,根據(jù)農(nóng)藝培土,、除草等作業(yè)要求,,確定了圓盤式馬鈴薯中耕機主要結構參數(shù)和作業(yè)參數(shù);采用單因素和二次旋轉(zhuǎn)正交組合試驗,,以耕作深度,、機車前進速度、調(diào)節(jié)角為試驗因素,,以除草率及傷苗率為試驗指標進行了樣機試驗,。試驗結果表明,當耕作深度為0.13m,、機車前進速度為4.6km/h,、調(diào)節(jié)角為52°時,除草率為95.2%,,傷苗率為3.9%,,滿足國家標準傷苗率不大于5%、除草率不小于90%的要求,。

    Abstract:

    The damage rate of potato seedlings was high when traditional potato cultivators were used in the early stage of potato emergence. The reason was that the potato seedlings in the early stage of potato emergence were vulnerable to damage. The traditional potato cultivator had a large amount of ridging, so the damage rate of potato seedlings was high during potato tillage. In order to solve this problem, a kind of disc potato cultivator was designed, which can not only adapt to the intertillage of potato at the early stage of seedling emergence, but also it was suitable for middle and late potato tillage. The structure and working principle of the cultivator were described, and the monomer of the ridging disc was analyzed theoretically, and the factors affecting the effect of the tillage operation were obtained. The depth of cultivation, locomotive speed and angle were used as the experimental factors, the rate of weeding and seedling injury were used as the experimental index. The test was taken place on June 1, 2019 at the Acheng Experimental and Demonstration Base of Northeast Agricultural University, and the machine was driven by a tractor. The test results showed that when the tillage depth was 0.13m, the forward speed of the locomotive was 4.6km/h, and the adjustment angle was 52°, the rate of weeding and seedling injury were respectively 95.2% and 3.9%. The test determined the optimal structural parameters of the ridging disk and verified the correctness of the theoretical formula. The experiment was carried out according to the agronomic requirements. Compared with the traditional potato cultivator, the ridging amount of disc potato cultivator had a large regulating range, which improved the applicable period of the machine, and it can achieve better tillage operation effect. The problem of too much ridging amount in the early stage of potato seedling emergence was basically solved by the machine. Compared with the traditional potato cultivator, it was more suitable for potato tillage operation. The research result provided an important theoretical and technical reference for the improvement and optimization of the driventype disc potato cultivator. 

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衣淑娟,孫志江,李衣菲,李紫輝,李季成,呂金慶.馬鈴薯中耕前期圓盤式中耕機設計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2020,51(8):98-108. YI Shujuan, SUN Zhijiang, LI Yifei, LI Zihui, LI Jicheng, LV Jinqing. Design and Test of Disc Potato Cultivator at Early Inter-tillage[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(8):98-108.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-05-08
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-08-10
  • 出版日期: 2020-08-10
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