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非圓齒輪系大蒜直立移栽機構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計與試驗
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2017YFD0700105-2),、黑龍江省自然科學基金面上項目(E2015021)和黑龍江省普通本科高等學校青年創(chuàng)新人才培養(yǎng)計劃項目(UNPYSCT-2016152)


Optimal Design and Experiment of Vertically Transplanting Mechanism with Non-circular Gears System for Garlic (Allium Sativum L.)
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    摘要:

    根據(jù)大蒜鱗芽直立朝上栽植的農(nóng)藝需求,,設(shè)計了一種可實現(xiàn)復(fù)雜栽植軌跡的二階非圓齒輪行星輪系移栽機構(gòu),。采用D-H方法建立了移栽機構(gòu)的數(shù)學模型,,通過對大蒜移栽軌跡與姿態(tài)進行分析,確定了直立移栽機構(gòu)所需實現(xiàn)的優(yōu)化目標,;在Matlab平臺下編寫了移栽機構(gòu)的GUI優(yōu)化設(shè)計軟件,,利用參數(shù)導(dǎo)引啟發(fā)式優(yōu)化算法對機構(gòu)進行了多目標參數(shù)優(yōu)化設(shè)計,通過人機交互優(yōu)選出一組非劣解,;采用自上而下的參數(shù)驅(qū)動設(shè)計方法,,在CATIA中完成了移栽機構(gòu)的參數(shù)化建模,并對機構(gòu)進行了虛擬樣機驗證,;通過臺架試驗,,獲得各試驗因素對大蒜移栽后傾斜角的影響規(guī)律;提出了針對不同工況的優(yōu)化模型,,在最佳參數(shù)組合方案下進行了驗證。結(jié)果表明,,當移栽深度為17mm,、機構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)速為29.6r/min、匹配速比為100%時,獲得的蒜瓣傾斜角平均值為8.54°,,當提高機構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)速時,,通過對參數(shù)方案進行優(yōu)選可將傾斜角控制在合理的范圍內(nèi),以滿足大蒜直立栽植的農(nóng)藝要求,。

    Abstract:

    The agronomic planting technique of garlic with its bulbil facing upward accords with the growth characteristics and it can achieve a significant effect of increasing yield. The garlic planting machinery on the market is generally difficult to meet the agronomic needs of vertically planting. Based on the achievements in transplanting machinery and using a noncircular gear rotary transplanting mechanism as the coreworking component, a vertically transplanting mechanism for garlic based on agronomic requirements was developed. Firstly, the mathematical model of the transplanting mechanism was established by the D-H transformation method, which was commonly used in robotics. With the analysis of the trajectory and posture of artificially planting garlic, a total number of twelve optimization goals required by the transplanting mechanism were determined. Since the optimization goals had characteristics of fuzzy, nonlinear and strong coupling, the parameterguided heuristic optimization method was used in the optimization process, and the GUI humancomputer interaction optimization software was written under the Matlab software platform. After optimization, a set of design parameters meeting the requirements of the goals were calculated. Referring to the obtained optimizing design data, the contour shape of the noncircular gears were generated in KissSoft software. The topdown design method was used to parametrically design the transplanting mechanism by CATIA software, and simulation verification of the transplanting mechanism was carried out by using ADAMS software. Finally, an experimental bench for the garlic vertically transplanting mechanism was designed, and the multifactor combination experiment was carried out with the transplanting depth, the rotation speed of the mechanism, and the matching speed ratio as the experimental factors. The quadratic regression orthogonal rotation combination design method was used to arrange the experiment, and the regression equation of the influence of each experiment factor on the bulbil angle of garlic after planting was obtained. The results showed that when the transplanting depth was 17mm, the transplanting speed was 29.6r/min, and the matching speed ratio was 100%, the average vertical angle of garlic bulbil would be 8.54°. When the transplanting speed was increased, the verification result was also in the desired range of agronomic requirements. The research results can provide a reference for the development of new garlic planting machinery and other transplanting mechanisms with complicated trajectory.

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孫偉,馮江,蔣亦元.非圓齒輪系大蒜直立移栽機構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2020,51(8):73-82. SUN Wei, FENG Jiang, JIANG Yiyuan. Optimal Design and Experiment of Vertically Transplanting Mechanism with Non-circular Gears System for Garlic (Allium Sativum L.)[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(8):73-82.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-04-22
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-08-10
  • 出版日期: 2020-08-10
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