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基于直流電機與全液壓轉(zhuǎn)向器直聯(lián)的自動轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)研究
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2017YFD0700902),、國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(51905004)、安徽省自然科學(xué)基金項目(1808085QE168)和安徽省高校協(xié)同創(chuàng)新項目(GXXT-2019-036)


Design of Automatic Steering System Based on Direct Connection of DC Motor and Full Hydraulic Steering Gear
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    摘要:

    針對農(nóng)機裝備電控液壓自動轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)生產(chǎn)成本高及電動方向盤自動轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)中控制力矩小,、存在自由行程的問題,,設(shè)計了基于直流電機與全液壓轉(zhuǎn)向器直聯(lián)的自動轉(zhuǎn)向機構(gòu)及其電控系統(tǒng),,該系統(tǒng)主要包括自動轉(zhuǎn)向執(zhí)行機構(gòu),、自動轉(zhuǎn)向控制器和液壓轉(zhuǎn)向機構(gòu)等。自動轉(zhuǎn)向執(zhí)行機構(gòu)與原車液壓轉(zhuǎn)向機構(gòu)連接實現(xiàn)自動轉(zhuǎn)向功能,,考慮了底盤阿克曼角的自動轉(zhuǎn)向控制器實現(xiàn)車輪轉(zhuǎn)向的精確控制,,通過在轉(zhuǎn)向驅(qū)動電機輸出軸安裝電磁離合器和轉(zhuǎn)向柱扭矩傳感器實現(xiàn)人工駕駛模式和自動駕駛模式的自動切換,。試驗結(jié)果表明,車輪轉(zhuǎn)角響應(yīng)平均穩(wěn)態(tài)誤差小于0.1°,最大穩(wěn)態(tài)誤差為0.158°,,±20°階躍信號最快響應(yīng)時間達1.2s,,超調(diào)量小于1%,可以滿足對各種輪式農(nóng)機的自動導(dǎo)航輔助駕駛轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)性能的要求,。

    Abstract:

    The automatic steering system of agricultural machinery equipment includes electric hydraulic automatic steering system and electric steering wheel automatic steering system. However, the electric hydraulic steering system has the disadvantages of high production cost and complex structure, and the electric steering wheel steering system has the problem of small control moment and free travel. In order to solve those problems, an automatic steering mechanism and its electronic control system were designed based on the direct connection between DC motor and full hydraulic steering gear. The automatic steering system mainly consisted of automatic steering actuator, automatic steering controller, hydraulic steering mechanism and wheel angle sensor. Automatic steering actuator and the original car hydraulic steering mechanism was coupled to achieve automatic steering function. In order to improve the accuracy of steering control of the wheels,,an automatic steering controller was designed which considered Ackerman angle. An electromagnetic clutch and a steering column torque sensor were installed on the output shaft of the steering drive motor to realize automatic switching between manual driving and automatic driving. The automatic steering system designed was processed and applied to tractor, harvester and plant protection machine, which can meet the needs of use. The test results showed that the average deviation value of wheel response angle was less than 0.1°, the maximum deviation value was 0.158°, the response time of ±20° step signal can reach 1.2s and the overshoot was less than 1%. Moreover, the step response was nonoscillatory, which was faster, accurate and stable than the traditional steering control system. The automatic steering system designed not only met the performance index of automatic steering control, but also reduced the production cost, which provided support for the development of agricultural navigation technology.

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楊洋,張剛,查家翼,李延凱,張鐵,陳黎卿.基于直流電機與全液壓轉(zhuǎn)向器直聯(lián)的自動轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2020,51(8):44-54,61. YANG Yang, ZHANG Gang, ZHA Jiayi, LI Yankai, ZHANG Tie, CHEN Liqing. Design of Automatic Steering System Based on Direct Connection of DC Motor and Full Hydraulic Steering Gear[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(8):44-54,61.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-12-24
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-08-10
  • 出版日期: 2020-08-10
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