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基于宏基因組的青海農(nóng)用沼氣池微生物組成和功能分析
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(31760034),、青海省應(yīng)用基礎(chǔ)研究項(xiàng)目(2019ZJ7052),、青海省重點(diǎn)研發(fā)與應(yīng)用轉(zhuǎn)化項(xiàng)目(2019SF121)、青海省科技廳重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室項(xiàng)目(2020ZJY02)和青海省科技成果轉(zhuǎn)化專項(xiàng)(2018NK103,、2019NK116)


Metagenomic Analysis of Microbial Community Composition and Function in Rural Household Biogas Digesters in Qinghai Province
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    摘要:

    以產(chǎn)氣性能不同的青海農(nóng)用沼氣池為研究對(duì)象,,利用宏基因組技術(shù)分析了全年溫度最高和最低時(shí)期污泥樣品的微生物組成和功能特征。物種注釋顯示發(fā)酵系統(tǒng)中蘊(yùn)藏著豐富的微生物種群,。在細(xì)菌類群中,,擬桿菌門、厚壁菌門和變形菌門豐度最高,,占所有菌群相對(duì)豐度的72.37%~74.00%,,參與關(guān)鍵的發(fā)酵作用。在4種樣品中,,互養(yǎng)菌門(相對(duì)豐度1.62%~4.73%)豐度偏低,,與沼氣產(chǎn)氣的變化規(guī)律相一致,可能是沼氣生產(chǎn)重要的功能類群,。在屬水平上,,優(yōu)勢(shì)類群依次是海螺菌屬(相對(duì)豐度6.75%)、梭菌屬(相對(duì)豐度4.56%),、密螺旋體屬(相對(duì)豐度3.60%)和假單胞菌屬(相對(duì)豐度3.01%),。古菌類群中,產(chǎn)甲烷菌屬(相對(duì)豐度25.41%~31.65%)是最優(yōu)勢(shì)類群,也是最主要的產(chǎn)氣功能類群,。功能注釋表明,,產(chǎn)氣好比產(chǎn)氣差的樣品具有更多的有效基因,參與甲烷代謝相關(guān)路徑的功能基因豐度更高,。在樣品中,甲烷代謝途徑涉及的氫代謝-營(yíng)養(yǎng)型產(chǎn)甲烷菌參與CO2還原反應(yīng),,所有代謝通路完整,,且產(chǎn)氣好的樣品功能酶基因豐度趨高。研究結(jié)果表明,,在青海農(nóng)用沼氣發(fā)酵系統(tǒng)中,,甲烷產(chǎn)生的途徑主要依賴于H2氧化/CO2還原的合成。

    Abstract:

    Taking the rural household biogas digesters with desirable and undesirable biogas productivity in Qinghai Province as study objects, the metagenomics methods were applied to investigate the microbial community structure and the functional characteristics in the sludge samples of digesters at annual peak and nadir temperatures. Species annotation results indicated high taxon richness and biodiversity in the fermentation system. Concerning bacterial groups, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were the most abundant species, accounting for 72.37%~74.00% relative abundance of all floras, and they might play key roles in the fermentation. The abundance of Synergistetes (1.62%~4.73% relative abundance) in each sample was consistent with the varied biogas productivity, so the Synergistetes could be an important functional group considerably affecting biogas production. At genus level, Marinospirillum (6.75%), Clostridium (4.56%), Treponema (3.60%), and Pseudomonas (3.01%) were the dominant groups. Regarding archaeal groups, Methanogenium (25.41%~31.65% relative abundance) was the most dominant and decisive functiongroup for biogas production. Functional annotations indicated that samples from digesters with higher biogas production had more effective genes than the digesters with lower biogas production, and that the functional genes involved in methane metabolism pathways showed significantly higher abundance. The methane metabolic pathways to reduce CO2 by hydrogenotrophic methanogens were complete in all samples, and the abundance of functional enzyme genes was higher in the samples with higher biogas production. The research result indicated that H2 oxidating/CO2reducing was the major pathway for methane production in the Qinghai biogas rural fermentation system. 

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韓睿,陳來(lái)生,李全輝,李屹,鐘啟文,朱德銳.基于宏基因組的青海農(nóng)用沼氣池微生物組成和功能分析[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2020,51(6):326-333. HAN Rui, CHEN Laisheng, LI Quanhui, LI Yi, ZHONG Qiwen, ZHU Derui. Metagenomic Analysis of Microbial Community Composition and Function in Rural Household Biogas Digesters in Qinghai Province[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(6):326-333.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-03-19
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-06-10
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