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木醋液對(duì)牛糞好氧堆肥理化特性與育苗效果的影響
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湖北省重大科技創(chuàng)新計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2019ACA153)和國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2017YFD0800804)


Effect of Wood Vinegar on Physicochemical Properties and Seeding Capability of Cow Manure Aerobic Composting
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    傳統(tǒng)的牛糞好氧堆肥作為育苗基質(zhì)利用,,其育苗效果差,,加入調(diào)理劑是改善育苗效果的重要手段。為研究木醋液對(duì)牛糞好氧堆肥物料理化特性及育苗效果的影響,,以牛糞,、小麥秸稈為原料,,木醋液添加量為0、1%,、3%,、5%,在自主設(shè)計(jì)的小試堆肥反應(yīng)器中進(jìn)行好氧堆肥試驗(yàn),。選取黃瓜為指示植物,,使用堆肥腐熟料進(jìn)行育苗試驗(yàn)。結(jié)果表明:隨著木醋液添加量的升高,,堆肥物料的含水率,、總氮含量、總磷含量,、K+含量及有機(jī)質(zhì)降解率呈現(xiàn)上升趨勢(shì),,pH值、電導(dǎo)率呈現(xiàn)下降趨勢(shì),;低濃度(添加量1%)木醋液可促進(jìn)纖維素,、半纖維素的降解,發(fā)芽指數(shù)最高,,為79.17%,,且1%木醋液處理組的壯苗指數(shù)最高,為0.0449g,,顯著高于其他3組(P<0.05),。

    Abstract:

    Traditional aerobic composting of cow manure is not conducive to seedling raising, and adding conditioner is an important method to improve its capability of nursery. As a byproduct of agricultural and forestry waste pyrolysis industry, wood vinegar was not been effectively used. In order to optimize the pretreatment process of cow manure aerobic compost for seedling substrate, cow dung and wheat straw were used as raw materials and wood vinegar as regulator, and adding 0, 1%, 3% and 5% of wood vinegar to the compost and putting the material into the small test reactor for fermentation. Based on the analysis of the composition of wood vinegar, its effect on the aerobic composting process was studied, and then the compost material was used for seedling test. The results showed that with the increase of the concentration, the content of water, TN, TP, K+ and organic matter degradation rate showed an upward trend, however, the pH value and EC value showed a downward trend. The relative degradation rates of cellulose and hemicellulose can be enhanced by low concentration (1%) of wood vinegar. Cucumber was selected as the test crop, and the compost material was used as substrates for germination and seedling test. The germination index of the composting extracts of all groups were more than 50%, which basically reached the nontoxic requirement of plants. The highest germination index group was 1% wood vinegar group, which was 79.17%, and in the subsequent nursery test, the seedling index (0.0449g) of the 1% wood vinegar treatment group was significantly higher than that of the other groups (P<0.05). The results of this study can provide theoretical basis and reference for optimizing the pretreatment process of cow manure aerobic composting as seedling substrate. 

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徐超,袁巧霞,覃翠鈉,謝廣榮,何濤,宋娜.木醋液對(duì)牛糞好氧堆肥理化特性與育苗效果的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2020,51(4):353-360. XU Chao, YUAN Qiaoxia, QIN Cuina, XIE Guangrong, HE Tao, SONG Na. Effect of Wood Vinegar on Physicochemical Properties and Seeding Capability of Cow Manure Aerobic Composting[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(4):353-360.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-08-22
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-04-10
  • 出版日期: 2020-04-10
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