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楊木炭對東北黑土吸附豬糞沼液氮素特性的影響
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51406032),、東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)“學(xué)術(shù)骨干”項(xiàng)目(18XG15)、中央引導(dǎo)地方科技發(fā)展專項(xiàng)(ZY17C05)和黑龍江省博士后科研啟動(dòng)基金項(xiàng)目(LBH-Q19008)


Effects of Poplar Wood Biochar on Northeast Region Black Soil Adsorbing Nitrogen in Pig Biogas Slurry
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    摘要:

    為探究楊木炭對東北黑土吸附豬糞沼液氮素特性的影響,明晰其吸附機(jī)理,,選取楊木炭和壤質(zhì),、砂質(zhì)兩種黑土,,以活性炭作為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)比較炭,,系統(tǒng)研究活性炭,、楊木炭的粒徑及添加比例,、初始質(zhì)量濃度,、振蕩時(shí)間、溫度對黑土吸附,、解吸豬糞沼液中氨態(tài)氮,、硝態(tài)氮特性的影響規(guī)律,并擬合等溫吸附模型和吸附動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,。結(jié)果表明:黑土對豬糞沼液氮素的吸附能力隨著活性炭和楊木炭粒徑的減小,、添加比例的增加而顯著增加,;當(dāng)粒徑為0.25mm、添加比例10%時(shí),,添加楊木炭的黑壤土和黑砂土的氨態(tài)氮,、硝態(tài)氮的吸附量為224.8、107mg/kg和212.4,、104mg/kg,,比空白純黑壤土和黑砂土提高388.7%、296.3%和453.13%,、333.33%,,比添加活性炭的黑壤土和黑砂土降低19.71%、10.08%和12.38%,、7.14%,,但添加楊木炭比添加活性炭對吸附平衡后沼液中氨態(tài)氮、硝態(tài)氮濃度變化影響的差異均不超過2.5%,;添加活性炭黑土,、楊木炭黑土、空白純黑土和純炭對豬糞沼液中氨態(tài)氮的吸附過程為吸熱反應(yīng),,而對硝態(tài)氮的吸附過程為放熱反應(yīng),,且所有吸附過程均經(jīng)歷快速、緩慢,、趨于平衡3個(gè)階段,,硝態(tài)氮快速吸附的時(shí)間更短;Freundlich,、Langmuir模型和準(zhǔn)二級(jí)模型均能較好描述其等溫吸附過程和吸附動(dòng)力學(xué)過程,,F(xiàn)reundlich模型比Langmuir模型相對更優(yōu),吸附反應(yīng)過程同時(shí)存在不均勻的多分子層表面物理吸附和均勻的單分子層化學(xué)吸附,;添加活性炭,、楊木炭黑土對沼液中氨態(tài)氮、硝態(tài)氮的吸附量越大,,解吸率也越大,,但解吸量遠(yuǎn)小于有效吸附量,添加楊木炭的黑壤土和黑砂土對氨態(tài)氮,、硝態(tài)氮的有效吸附量比添加活性炭的黑壤土和黑砂土減少14.57%,、9.19%和5.34%、5.74%,。楊木炭在提高黑土對豬糞沼液氮素的吸附能力,、減少豬糞沼液氮素?fù)p失方面的效果優(yōu)良,可為楊木炭和豬糞沼液在東北黑土改良方面的深入研究提供理論依據(jù),。

    Abstract:

    Poplar wood biochar was added as adsorbent into two types of northeast region black soil (loamy and sandy) to investigate the effects of poplar wood biochar on black soil adsorbing ammonium and nitrate nitrogen in pig biogas slurry, and the adsorption mechanism was studied by using oscillation method. Commercial activated carbon was used as a standard for comparison. The effects of the particle sizes (0.25mm, 0.5mm and 1mm) and addition proportions (2%, 5% and 10%) of commercial activated carbon and poplar wood biochar, the initial mass concentration of pig biogas slurry, the oscillation time and the oscillation temperature on black soil adsorbing ammonium and nitrate nitrogen in pig biogas slurry were studied systematically. The adsorption mechanism was analyzed by different isothermal and kinetic adsorption models. The results showed that the smaller particle sizes and the more addition proportions of commercial activated carbon and poplar wood biochar led to better ammonium and nitrate nitrogen adsorption capacity of black soil in pig biogas slurry. And 0.25mm particle size and 10% solid weight ratio were optimum addition treatment for commercial activated carbon and poplar wood biochar. Under optimum addition treatment, the ammonium and nitrate nitrogen amount adsorbed by black soil with poplar wood biochar addition were higher than that by pure black soil by 388.7%, 296.3% (black loamy soil) and 453.13%, 333.33% (black sandy soil), and were lower than those by back soil with commercial activated carbon addition by 19.71%, 10.08% (black loamy soil) and 12.38%, 7.14% (black sandy soil), respectively. However, the effects of poplar wood biochar and commercial activated carbon on the ammonium and nitrate nitrogen concentration of pig biogas slurry after adsorptive stability were not significantly different, and all the differences were less than 2.5%. The ammonium nitrogen amount adsorbed by the pure black soil, the pure commercial activated carbon and pure poplar wood biochar and the black soil with commercial activated carbon and poplar wood biochar addition were all increased as the increase of temperature, posing endothermic reaction. While the nitrate nitrogen adsorption amount showed a decreasing trend as temperature was increased, posing spontaneous exothermic reaction. Furthermore, the ammonium and nitrate adsorption processes showed three stages of fast adsorption, slow adsorption and balance. The adsorption models of Freundlich, Langmuir and Pseudosecond order described the isothermal adsorption characteristics and kinetic adsorption characteristics of the black soil added with commercial activated carbon and poplar wood biochar adsorbing ammonium and nitrate nitrogen in pig biogas slurry precisely. However, Freundlich was superior to Langmuir. Therefore, there were multilayers uneven physisorption reaction and monolayer chemisorption reaction during the ammonium and nitrate adsorption process, concurrently. The more adsorption amount was, the more desorption amount was, but the desorption amount was much less than the effective adsorption amount. The effective ammonium and nitrate nitrogen adsorption amount of black soil with poplar wood biochar addition were lower than those of black soil with commercial activated carbon addition by 14.57%, 9.19% (black loamy soil) and 5.34%, 5.74% (black sandy soil). Poplar wood biochar was favorable for improving the nitrogen adsorption capacity of northeast region black soil and decreasing the nitrogen loss of pig biogas slurry. The results provided good insights into improving the northeast region black soil by using poplar wood biochar and pig biogas slurry.

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王麗麗,曹振,劉卓,徐名漢,李一博,王忠江.楊木炭對東北黑土吸附豬糞沼液氮素特性的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2020,51(3):295-305. WANG Lili, CAO Zhen, LIU Zhuo, XU Minghan, LI Yibo, WANG Zhongjiang. Effects of Poplar Wood Biochar on Northeast Region Black Soil Adsorbing Nitrogen in Pig Biogas Slurry[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(3):295-305.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-07-14
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-03-10
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