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基于無人機(jī)熱紅外遙感的玉米地土壤含水率診斷方法
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2017YFC0403203,、2017YFC0403302)和陜西省自然科學(xué)基礎(chǔ)研究計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2019JM-066)


Diagnosing Method of Soil Moisture Content in Corn Field Based on Thermal Infrared Remote Sensing of UAV
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    摘要:

    為使熱紅外遙感診斷土壤含水率更加準(zhǔn)確,、高效,以不同水分處理的大田玉米為研究對(duì)象,,借助無人機(jī)可見光圖像,,對(duì)熱紅外圖像進(jìn)行植土分離,并提取玉米冠層溫度和地表土壤溫度,。通過剔除溫度直方圖兩端1%的溫度像元對(duì)溫度信息進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,,進(jìn)而計(jì)算作物水分脅迫指數(shù)(Crop water stress index,CWSI),、冠層相對(duì)溫差(Canopy relative temperature difference,CRTD),、地表相對(duì)溫差(Surface relative temperature difference,,SRTD),利用三者之和求得水分-溫度綜合指數(shù)(Watertemperature composite index,,WTCI),,并用于診斷不同深度的土壤含水率。結(jié)果表明,,剔除溫度直方圖兩端1%溫度像元的玉米冠層溫度與實(shí)測(cè)冠層溫度的相關(guān)性更高(4次試驗(yàn)的R2由0.823,、0.886、0.899,、0.876提高至0.906,、0.938、0.944,、0.922),,剔除溫度直方圖前端1%溫度像元的地表土壤溫度與實(shí)測(cè)地表溫度的相關(guān)性也更高(2次試驗(yàn)的R2由0.841、0.875提高至0.908、0.925),,即通過直方圖法優(yōu)化的溫度更接近實(shí)測(cè)溫度,;在拔節(jié)前期,CWSI,、WTCI診斷0~20cm土壤含水率效果較優(yōu),,而拔節(jié)后期、抽雄吐絲期,、乳熟期診斷0~40cm土壤含水率效果較優(yōu),;在半覆蓋條件下,包含冠層溫度信息(CWSI,、CRTD)和土壤溫度信息(SRTD)的WTCI1與土壤含水率的相關(guān)性更高(0~40cm:決定系數(shù)為0.500,、0.821,高于0.463,、0.748),;在全覆蓋狀態(tài)下,包含冠層相對(duì)溫差(CRTD)的WTCI2與土壤含水率的相關(guān)性更高(0~40cm:決定系數(shù)為0.809,、0.729,,高于0.721、0.656),,表明WTCI是診斷土壤含水率效果較優(yōu)的指標(biāo),。

    Abstract:

    In order to make the thermal infrared remote sensing diagnosis of soil moisture content more accurate and efficient, different water treatments of field corn were taken as the research object, the plant and soil separation of thermal infrared image was realized by the visible light image of UAV and corn canopy temperature and surface soil temperature were extracted. Optimization of temperature information by eliminating 1% of temperature pixels at both ends of the temperature histogram was made to calculate crop water stress index (CWSI), canopy relative temperature difference (CRTD) and surface relative temperature difference (SRTD). The sum of the above three indices led to a new indicator which can diagnose soil moisture content at different depths. The results showed that there were higher correlation between the corn canopy temperature which eliminated 1% of temperature pixels at both ends of the temperature histogram and the measured canopy temperature (R2 was increased from 0.823, 0.886, 0.899 and 0.876 to 0.906, 0.938, 0.944 and 0.922 of four tests), and there were also higher correlation between the soil temperature which eliminated the 1% temperature pixel at the front of the temperature histogram and the measured soil temperature (R2 was increased from 0.841 and 0.875 to 0.908 and 0.925 of two tests), which indicated that the temperature optimized by the histogram method was closer to the measured temperature. In the early stage of jointing, CWSI and WTCI had better soil moisture content in the diagnosis of 0~20cm, while the soil moisture content in the late stage of jointing, tasselingsilking and maturity was better than that of 0~40cm. Under half coverage, WTCI1 with canopy temperature information (CWSI, CRTD) and soil temperature information (SRTD) was more correlated with soil moisture (0~40cm: R2 was 0.500 and 0.821, which was higher than 0.463 and 0.748)). Under full coverage, WTCI2 with canopy relative temperature difference (CRTD) was more correlated with soil moisture (0~40cm: R2 was 0.809 and 0.729, which was higher than 0.721 and 0.656), it indicated that WTCI was a new indicator for better diagnosis of soil moisture content. The research result provided new methods and new ideas for accurate acquisition of crop canopy temperature and accurate diagnosis of soil moisture content.

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張智韜,許崇豪,譚丞軒,李宇,寧紀(jì)鋒.基于無人機(jī)熱紅外遙感的玉米地土壤含水率診斷方法[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2020,51(3):180-190. ZHANG Zhitao, XU Chonghao, TAN Chengxuan, LI Yu, NING Jifeng. Diagnosing Method of Soil Moisture Content in Corn Field Based on Thermal Infrared Remote Sensing of UAV[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(3):180-190.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-07-18
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-03-10
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