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紫云英綠肥盛花期埋切翻壓組合作業(yè)機設計與試驗
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國家綠肥產(chǎn)業(yè)技術體系建設專項資金項目(CARS-22)和中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學院所級基本科研業(yè)務費專項(S202012-02)


Design and Experiment of Incisal-burying and Ploughing Combined Machine for Astragalus smicus Green Manure in Full-bloom Stage
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    摘要:

    為實現(xiàn)紫云英綠肥規(guī)?;N植區(qū)域的綠肥高效,、低耗機械化翻壓,,基于前端埋切,、后端翻壓的結構配置思路,,設計了一種無動力輸入的紫云英綠肥盛花期埋切翻壓組合作業(yè)機,。對盛花期紫云英生物學特征及壓切特性開展研究,,進而設計了輥筒組件,、前懸掛連接組件,、柵條式翻轉犁等主要工作部件;通過理論計算和力學分析,,得到實現(xiàn)紫云英莖稈順暢埋切的壓切輥半徑為305mm,、壓切刀滑切角范圍為34.3°~55.7°;采用水平直元線法設計了柵條式犁體曲面,,推導得到導曲線拋物線方程,,并繪制了犁體直元線角變化規(guī)律圖。紫云英綠肥盛花期田間翻壓試驗結果表明:在機具作業(yè)速度為5.8~6.0km/h條件下,,莖稈切斷長度合格率92%,,耕寬穩(wěn)定性變異系數(shù)3.7%,耕深穩(wěn)定性變異系數(shù)5.6%,,土垡破碎率85.6%,,植被翻壓覆蓋率98.3%,試驗指標均符合國家和行業(yè)標準要求,。設計的埋切翻壓組合作業(yè)機工作效率可達0.67~1.20hm2/h,,在翻壓質量和組配方式上明顯優(yōu)于目前我國常用的畜力犁,、鏵式犁、旋耕機等翻壓方式,,具有很好的推廣應用價值,。

    Abstract:

    In order to realize high-efficiency and low energy-consumption mechanized ploughing operation in the large-scale planting area of Astragalus smicus green manure, based on the structure placement idea of front-end buried-cutting and back-end overturning, an incisal-burying and ploughing combined machine with no power input for Astragalus smicus green manure in its flourishing period was designed. The biological characteristics and pressure-shear strength test of Astragalus smicus in full-bloom stage were studied, and then the key components such as roller components, front suspension connection components and grid-type plough were designed. Through theoretical calculation and mechanical analysis, the radius of press-cutting roller for smooth incisal-burying of Astragalus smicus stalks was 305mm, and the sliding cutting angle was ranged from 34.3° to 55.7°, the grid-type plough surface was designed by using the horizontal straight element method, the parabolic equation of the guide curve was derived and the influence regularity of plough element-line angle was drawn as well. The results of field overturning test of Astragalus smicus green manure in full-bloom stage showed that with the operation speed of 5.8~6.0km/h, the qualified rate of stem-cutting length was 92%, the stability variation coefficient of tillage width was 3.7%, the stability variation coefficient of tillage depth was 5.6%, the rate of soil fragmentation was 85.6%, and the rate of vegetation overturning coverage was 98.3%, the test indexes met the requirements of national and industrial standards. The designed incisal-burying and ploughing combined machine can work efficiently up to 0.67~1.20hm2/h, which was obviously superior to the conventional overturning modes such as animal plough, mouldboard plough and rotary tiller in terms of overturning quality and the combination pattern, and had good popularization and application value.

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游兆延,張沖,高學梅,高雅,彭寶良,吳惠昌.紫云英綠肥盛花期埋切翻壓組合作業(yè)機設計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2020,51(3):78-86. YOU Zhaoyan, ZHANG Chong, GAO Xuemei, GAO Ya, PENG Baoliang, WU Huichang. Design and Experiment of Incisal-burying and Ploughing Combined Machine for Astragalus smicus Green Manure in Full-bloom Stage[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(3):78-86.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-07-15
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-03-10
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