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流域土壤重金屬分布式運(yùn)移模型研究
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(61563047)


Distributed Migration Model of Heavy Metals in Watershed
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    摘要:

    為利用遙感信息提取技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)流域大尺度范圍的土壤重金屬運(yùn)移估算,,對(duì)大夏河流域進(jìn)行采樣調(diào)查,通過(guò)分析大夏河流域及其支流的土壤和水體樣品,測(cè)定重金屬As,、Cd,、Cr,、Cu,、Pb的含量和分布特征,,結(jié)果表明,,5種重金屬含量從大到小依次為Cr,、As、Cu,、Pb,、Cd。根據(jù)流域河網(wǎng)分形特征,,提出采用分布式運(yùn)移模型估算大夏河流域的重金屬運(yùn)移量,。應(yīng)用GIS技術(shù),采用網(wǎng)格法對(duì)大夏河流域及其子流域進(jìn)行分維數(shù)提取并修正,,其水系分維值為1.0163,,小于1.6,判定大夏河流域地貌處于幼年期,。對(duì)流域的相似性進(jìn)行了建模驗(yàn)證與分析,,并根據(jù)相似流域分維值和徑流數(shù)據(jù)擬合關(guān)系,,研究子流域徑流量,進(jìn)一步估算分布式重金屬運(yùn)移量,,通過(guò)對(duì)比SCS-CN模型估算量進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,。大夏河流域重金屬As、Cd,、Cr,、Cu、Pb的運(yùn)移量估算結(jié)果為0.6710,、0.2099,、6.2816、1.7465,、1.8377t/a,。

    Abstract:

    In order to realize the estimation of soil heavy metal migration in largescale watersheds, the remote sensing information extraction technology plays an important role in such problems. A small and mediumsized watershed (the Daxia river basin) in Northwest China was sampled and investigated. By analyzing the soil and water samples of the Daxia river basin and its tributaries, the contents and distribution characteristics of heavy metals—As, Cd, Cr, Cu and Pb were determined. The contents of five heavy metals were ranked in descending order as the follows: Cr, As, Cu, Pb and Cd. According to the fractal characteristics of river network in river basins, a distributed migration model was put forward to estimate the heavy metal migration in the Daxia river basin. The fractal dimension of the Daxia river basin and its tributaries were extracted and corrected by using grid method and GIS technology. The fractal dimension of the water system was 1.0163, which was less than 1.6, and determined the geomorphology of the Daxia river basin in its infancy. The similarities of the watershed was modeled and verified. And based on the similarities between the fractal dimension and the runoff data, the subbasin runoff volume was further studied to estimate the distributed heavy metal migration, which was verified by comparing the estimated amounts of the SCS-CN model. The migration estimation results in heavy metals—As, Cd, Cr, Cu and Pb in the Daxia river basin were 0.6710t/a, 0.2099t/a, 6.2816t/a, 1.7465t/a and 1.8377t/a, respectively.

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王圣偉,冀豪,王苗,婁天瀧,張暢.流域土壤重金屬分布式運(yùn)移模型研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2019,50(12):332-340. WANG Shengwei, JI Hao, WANG Miao, LOU Tianlong, ZHANG Chang. Distributed Migration Model of Heavy Metals in Watershed[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(12):332-340.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-04-25
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-12-10
  • 出版日期: 2019-12-10
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