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不同灌溉模式對水稻生長、水分和輻射利用效率的影響
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國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2018YFD0300105-2)


Effects of Different Irrigation Patterns on Growth, Water and Radiation Use Efficiency of Rice
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    摘要:

    為研究不同灌溉模式對寒地黑土水稻農(nóng)藝性狀、光合特性、水分利用效率以及輻射利用效率的影響,設(shè)置了控制灌溉,、淺濕灌溉和全面淹灌3種灌溉模式,于2017—2018年在黑龍江省慶安灌溉試驗(yàn)站進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn),。結(jié)果表明:兩個(gè)生長季內(nèi),,控制灌溉水稻各生育時(shí)期葉面積指數(shù)比全面淹灌分別增加了7.94%~23.67%和5%~14.47%,控制灌溉下地上部干物質(zhì)量的積累量比全面淹灌增加了12.13%和7.98%,,控制灌溉和淺濕灌溉的冠層光合有效輻射截獲總量較全面淹灌分別增加了74.05,、23.65μmol/(m2·s)和63.35、16.85μmol/(m2·s),;除乳熟期外,,其余生育期控制灌溉葉片葉綠素含量(SPAD)顯著高于淺濕灌溉與全面灌溉;3種灌溉模式下最大初始轉(zhuǎn)換效率從分蘗期開始上升,,拔節(jié)期和抽穗期達(dá)到最大值,,在乳熟期開始下降,非光化學(xué)熒光淬滅系數(shù),、光化學(xué)熒光淬滅系數(shù)前期略有波動(dòng),,在乳熟期迅速下降,光合電子傳遞速率從分蘗期到乳熟期逐漸下降,。兩個(gè)生長季內(nèi),,控制灌溉下產(chǎn)量略高于全面淹灌,但灌溉用水量較全面灌溉分別減少了31.45%和31.67%,水分利用效率比全面淹灌提高了46.45%和46.20%,,輻射利用效率分別較全面淹灌增加了1.042%和1.036%,,表明控制灌溉為黑龍江省半濕潤區(qū)最佳灌溉模式。

    Abstract:

    In order to explore the effects of different irrigation patterns on agronomic traits, photosynthetic traits, water use efficiency (WUE) and radiation use efficiency (RUE), the experiments included control irrigation, wet irrigation and flood irrigation, which were carried out in Qing’an Irrigation Experimental Center in the semi-humid area of Heilongjiang Province from May to September in 2017 and 2018. During the two growing seasons, the results showed that compared with flood irrigation, the LAI under control irrigation was increased by 7.94%~23.67% (2017) and 5%~14.47% (2018), respectively. Compared with flood irrigation, the cumulative of IPAR under control irrigation and wet irrigation was increased by 74.05μmol/(m2·s), 23.65μmol/(m2·s) (2017) and 63.35μmol/(m2·s),16.85μmol/(m2·s) (2018), respectively. Meanwhile, compared with flood irrigation, the accumulation of dry matter under control irrigation was also increased by 12.13% (2017) and 7.98% (2018), respectively. During the rest of the milky stage, the SPAD value of the leaves under control irrigation was significantly higher than that under wet irrigation and flood irrigation. On the other hand, Fv/Fm under the three irrigation methods was increased from tillering stage, and decreased at milky stage after Fv/Fm reached the maximum value at jointing stage and heading stage. Values of qN and qP were fluctuated slightly at early three stage, and then decreased rapidly at milky stage. ETR showed a trend of decreasing at the beginning of tillering stage. The yield under control irrigation was slightly higher than that under flood irrigation. However, the irrigation water consumption under control irrigation was decreased by 31.45% (2017) and 31.67% (2018), respectively, and compared with the flood irrigation, the WUE under control irrigation was increased by 46.45% (2017) and 46.20% (2018), respectively. Additionally, compared with the flood irrigation, the RUE under control irrigation was increased by 1.042% (2017) and 1.036% (2018), respectively. It showed that the control irrigation was the best irrigation methods in the semi-humid area of Heilongjiang Province.

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孟翔燕,周凌云,張忠學(xué),吳秋峰.不同灌溉模式對水稻生長,、水分和輻射利用效率的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2019,50(11):285-292. MENG Xiangyan, ZHOU Lingyun, ZHANG Zhongxue, WU Qiufeng. Effects of Different Irrigation Patterns on Growth, Water and Radiation Use Efficiency of Rice[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(11):285-292.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-03-18
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-11-10
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