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脈沖式煙霧水霧機(jī)工作頻率影響因素研究
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國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2018YFD0600202-04)和江蘇省農(nóng)業(yè)科技自主創(chuàng)新項(xiàng)目(CX(18)1007)


Influence Factors of Working Frequency of Pulsed Smoker/Fogger
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    摘要:

    脈沖式煙霧水霧機(jī)以脈沖發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)為動(dòng)力,可施放煙霧或水霧,,從而滿足植物不同生長時(shí)期的施藥要求,。脈沖式煙霧水霧機(jī)工作頻率取決于其聲學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)條件、加熱條件以及藥液煙化或霧化時(shí)反饋?zhàn)饔霉餐詈蠒r(shí)的振蕩頻率,。如不滿足任一條件或反饋擾動(dòng)過大,,則無法形成振蕩系統(tǒng),或使原有的系統(tǒng)停止振蕩,,從而導(dǎo)致發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)熄火,。通過改變脈沖發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)油門開度、藥液類型(用0#柴油和清水代替熱霧劑農(nóng)藥和水霧劑農(nóng)藥)以及進(jìn)入噴管內(nèi)的藥液流量,,對(duì)脈沖式煙霧水霧機(jī)進(jìn)行了工作頻率的影響因素研究,。結(jié)果表明,不噴藥狀態(tài)時(shí),,實(shí)際工作頻率高于理論工作頻率,,平均相對(duì)誤差為26.6%;噴藥狀態(tài)時(shí),,熱霧劑或水霧劑農(nóng)藥進(jìn)入噴管內(nèi)熱力煙化或霧化后,,均會(huì)引起實(shí)際工作頻率的下降,水霧劑農(nóng)藥霧化后工作頻率的下降幅度大于熱霧劑煙化后的頻率下降幅度,,水霧劑農(nóng)藥熱力霧化比熱霧劑熱力煙化對(duì)原有脈動(dòng)燃燒振蕩系統(tǒng)的擾動(dòng)大,。據(jù)此重新構(gòu)建了脈沖式煙霧水霧機(jī)噴煙霧或噴水霧工作頻率的數(shù)學(xué)模型,。噴煙霧和噴水霧狀態(tài)下,工作頻率與藥液流量之間均呈負(fù)比例線性關(guān)系,,其比例系數(shù)分別為-0.1357,、-0.1157Hz·h/L;工作頻率與燃油消耗率之間均呈正比例線性關(guān)系,,其比例系數(shù)分別為38.58,、30.73Hz·h/L。應(yīng)用新構(gòu)建的模型所引起的最大相對(duì)誤差只有2.2%和1.4%,,表明構(gòu)建的工作頻率數(shù)學(xué)模型可用于脈沖式煙霧水霧機(jī)在常規(guī)噴藥量范圍內(nèi)工作頻率的計(jì)算,。

    Abstract:

    The pulsed smoker/fogger powered by pulse engine could meet different requirements on disease and pest control for application smoke or fog during the different growth periods of plants. The working frequency of pulsed smoker/fogger is depending on the pulse frequency when the acoustic structure condition, heating condition, and feedback effect of pesticide were coupled together. Once any condition was not satisfied or the feedback disturbance was too large, an oscillating system could not be formed or the original oscillation system would stop to the pulse engine flameout. The experiments of working frequency were performed, the data were processed and analyzed by changing the throttle opening of pulse engine, replacing hot smoke pesticide by 0# diesel, replacing water fog pesticide by clear water, and changing the liquid flux entering into the exhaust pipe. By using the acoustic resonance frequency equation, it was found that the actual operating frequency was higher than the theoretical value without spraying, and the average relative error was 26.6%. In the state of spraying, when the hot smoke or water fog pesticide was injected into the exhaust pipe, the original working frequency would be decreased after the heat fuming or atomization. However, the reduction of the working frequency of water fog after atomizing was much larger than that of the hot smoke after fuming. In other words, the water fog pesticide after atomizing had more disturbances to the original pulsating combustion oscillating system than the hot smoke after fuming. The calculation formula of working frequency of the pulsed smoker/fogger under spraying smoke or water fog were established. The actual working frequency was negatively proportional to the liquid flux. The linear ratios were -0.1357Hz·h/L and -0.1157Hz·h/L, respectively. The actual working frequency was proportional to the fuel consumption rate. The linear ratios were 38.58Hz·h/L and 30.73Hz·h/L respectively. The maximum relative average errors caused by these two equations were only 2.2% and 1.4% respectively. This demonstrated that within the range of the conventional spraying amount, it was feasible to calculate the corresponding working frequency by the established equations.

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蔣雪松,周杰,許林云,林歡,周宏平,侯秀梅.脈沖式煙霧水霧機(jī)工作頻率影響因素研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2019,50(11):85-91. JIANG Xuesong, ZHOU Jie, XU Linyun, LIN Huan, ZHOU Hongping, HOU Xiumei. Influence Factors of Working Frequency of Pulsed Smoker/Fogger[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(11):85-91.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-07-29
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-11-10
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