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水培生菜自動縱向包裝裝置設(shè)計與試驗
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陜西省重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2018TSCXL-NY-05-04)


Design and Test of Automatic Machine for Hydroponic Lettuce Longitudinal Packaging
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    摘要:

    為提升設(shè)施園藝中水培生菜生產(chǎn)全程機械化水平,,設(shè)計了收獲后生菜自動縱向包裝裝置,包括導(dǎo)向裝盒機構(gòu)、切膜與封膜機構(gòu)等,。利用聚攏氣缸和壓菜氣缸執(zhí)行生菜縱向裝盒,,同時利用導(dǎo)向環(huán)保證裝盒過程中生菜偏移,、翻轉(zhuǎn)等位姿要求,;通過柔性毛刷對薄膜的梳刷作用及薄膜自粘性使其貼于包裝盒,,完成包裝盒封膜,。根據(jù)生菜擠壓試驗,、力學(xué)分析、理論計算,,分別確定了包裝盒尺寸,、導(dǎo)向裝盒機構(gòu)參數(shù)、切膜與封膜機構(gòu)參數(shù),?;诟咚贁z像,提出了生菜水平偏移,、姿態(tài)角量化方法,;通過生菜裝盒位姿特性試驗,研究了導(dǎo)向環(huán)對裝盒過程生菜位姿特性的影響。研制了自動包裝樣機,,利用正交試驗優(yōu)化了切膜作業(yè)參數(shù)并進行了試驗驗證,。生菜裝盒位姿特性試驗結(jié)果顯示:生菜入盒時有導(dǎo)向環(huán)水平偏移平均值、姿態(tài)角平均值分別為5.8mm,、17.9°,,相較無導(dǎo)向環(huán)時分別減小75.0%、74.2%,,導(dǎo)向環(huán)保證了生菜縱向裝盒成功率,。正交試驗結(jié)果顯示:切膜作業(yè)參數(shù)最優(yōu)組合為薄膜縱向切刀與薄膜夾角30°、拉膜輥拉膜速度300mm/s,、薄膜橫向切刀速度500mm/s,。最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合下,包裝成功率為96%,,樣機單次包裝用時10.5s,,比人工縮短58%。

    Abstract:

    In order to improve the completely mechanical production level of hydroponic lettuce, an automatic packaging machine was designed and manufactured. It mainly contained guiding device, film cutting and covering device. The packaging machine could implement putting lettuce into packaging box lengthways and covering film automatically. The lettuce was put into the box by cylinders, and a guiding annulus was utilized to decrease lettuce excursion and reversal. The flexible brush combed the selfadhesive film on the box. The size of the packaging box, the parameters of guiding device, and the parameters of film cutting and covering device were confirmed by lettuce extrusion test, mechanical analysis and theoretical calculation, respectively. The influence of guiding annulus on lettuce position and posture characters, for instance the horizontal excursion and attitude angle, was analyzed by highspeed photograph. The packaging test results showed that the average value of horizontal excursion with guiding annulus was 5.8mm when lettuce entering the box, which was reduced by 75.0% than that without guiding annulus. The average value of attitude angle with guiding annulus was 17.9°, which was reduced by 74.2% than that without guiding annulus. The guiding annulus could ensure the success rate of putting lettuce into the packaging box. The optimized combination of film cutting parameters was obtained by orthogonal tests, and the angle between longitudinal cutter and film, film stretching velocity, and film transverse cutting velocity were 30°, 300mm/s and 500mm/s, respectively. The verification test results showed that the success rate of packaging was 96%, and the single packaging operation time of prototype was 10.5s, and it was reduced by 58% than that of manual operation.

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馬義東,王明輝,崔永杰,傅隆生,王文奇,徐燦.水培生菜自動縱向包裝裝置設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2019,50(9):113-121. MA Yidong, WANG Minghui, CUI Yongjie, FU Longsheng, WANG Wenqi, XU Can. Design and Test of Automatic Machine for Hydroponic Lettuce Longitudinal Packaging[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(9):113-121.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-05-24
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-09-10
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