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防堵式覆膜同步開孔插秧裝置設(shè)計與試驗
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黑龍江省普通高等學校青年創(chuàng)新人才培養(yǎng)計劃項目(UNPYSCT-2018148)和東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學“青年才俊”項目(17QC33)


Design and Experiment for Transplanting Synchronous Puncher with Preventing Clogging
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    摘要:

    針對現(xiàn)有覆膜插秧機械中存在的無開孔裝置或開孔裝置易阻塞造成秧苗根系損傷與漏插等問題,,設(shè)計了一種防堵式覆膜同步開孔插秧裝置,。在齒輪旋轉(zhuǎn)箱雙臂分插機構(gòu)的基礎(chǔ)上,,加裝“+”形尖點的單臂開孔裝置,。為探究覆膜開孔與插秧作業(yè)過程,,以單個栽植臂為研究對象,,建立了開孔裝置運動軌跡的數(shù)學模型,。運用建立的模型進行模擬仿真,,確定了影響開孔質(zhì)量的主要因素,并驗證了開孔與插秧相位角差的可行域,。采用二次正交旋轉(zhuǎn)中心組合試驗方法,,以開孔與插秧相位角差,、開孔傾角、旋轉(zhuǎn)速度為試驗因素,,以膜孔長度,、插秧前開孔長度、膜孔合格率為評價指標實施參數(shù)優(yōu)化試驗,。結(jié)果表明:當開孔與插秧相位角差8.0°,、開孔傾角7.0°、旋轉(zhuǎn)速度246.4~250.1r/min時,,開孔裝置無堵塞現(xiàn)象發(fā)生,,所得膜孔平均長度47.3mm、膜孔平均寬度16.6mm,、插秧前開孔平均長度18.0mm,、平均膜孔合格率94%以上。應(yīng)用參數(shù)優(yōu)化試驗結(jié)果,,對防堵式覆膜同步開孔插秧裝置與“H”形同步開孔插秧裝置進行了防堵性能和開孔性能對比試驗,。結(jié)果表明:所設(shè)計的開孔裝置各項指標均優(yōu)于改進前的“H”形開孔裝置,滿足農(nóng)藝要求,。

    Abstract:

    The transplanting synchronous puncher with preventing clogging developed by Northeast Agricultural University was used mainly in rice transplanting on the mulch by utilizing physical punching method, which can realize efficient of transplanting. In order to achieve that the transplanting machine completed job mode of laying of fibrous mulch film, opening, and transplanting in a process and solve the problems of root injury and stoppage of device when transplanting on the mulch, the development of a transplanting synchronous puncher with preventing clogging was absolutely necessary. On the basis of the arm-distributing mechanism of the gear rotating box, a single-arm opening device with a “+” shape point was added. Based on analysis of the cooperating relationship among three systems (gear transmissions, planting arm and synchronous puncher), planting arm was selected as research object to establish a mathematical model of synchronous puncher by analyzing the kinematic process between claw and mulch. Using the established model for simulation, the main factors affecting the quality of the opening were determined, and the feasible range of the difference between the phase angle of the opening and the insertion was verified. Using the quadratic orthogonal rotation center combination test method, the difference between phase angle of opening and insertion, the inclination angle of opening and rotation speed of rotating box were taken as the test factors, and the length of the film hole, length of opening before insertion, and pass rate of opening were evaluated. The results showed that when the difference of the phase angle between the opening and transplanting was 8.0°, the inclination angle of the opening was 7.0°, and the rotation speed was 246.4~250.1r/min, there was no blockage in the opening device. The average length of membrane hole, the average width of membrane hole, the average length of opening before transplanting were 47.3mm, 16.6mm and 18.0mm and the average qualified rate of membrane hole was more than 94%. Based on the results of parameter optimization test, the anti-blocking performance and perforation performance of the anti-blocking film-covered synchronous opening transplanting device and the “H” synchronous opening transplanting device were compared. The perforation device designed was superior to the “H” type perforation device before improvement, and it met the agronomic requirements.

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陳海濤,李煜,王宇,竇玉寬,劉德澤.防堵式覆膜同步開孔插秧裝置設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2019,50(9):87-95,,129. CHEN Haitao, LI Yu, WANG Yu, DOU Yukuan, LIU Deze. Design and Experiment for Transplanting Synchronous Puncher with Preventing Clogging[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(9):87-95,129.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-01-15
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-09-10
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