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秸稈旋埋還田后空間分布效果仿真與試驗
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公益性行業(yè)(農(nóng)業(yè))科研專項(201503136)和國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2017YFD0301300)


Simulation and Experiment of Spatial Distribution Effect after Straw Incorporation into Soil by Rotary Burial
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    摘要:

    對傳統(tǒng)旋耕機(TR)、秸稈旋埋還田機(SR)和深松+秸稈旋埋還田機(SSR)進行了秸稈還田離散元仿真和田間試驗對比。通過設(shè)計的秸稈三維坐標測量裝置對秸稈在土壤中的空間坐標進行了測量,并在三維繪圖軟件中還原了秸稈在土壤中的空間狀態(tài),及秸稈在三維圖中量化及可視化顯示,。對取樣立方體進行分層,、橫向及縱向劃分等探究了秸稈在土壤中垂直分布及水平分布的均勻性,。利用離散元軟件建立了相應(yīng)的仿真模型,,并與田間試驗設(shè)定了相同的作業(yè)參數(shù),在仿真作業(yè)完成后,,通過設(shè)置不同尺寸的Geometry Bin計算區(qū)域內(nèi)秸稈數(shù)量,,并分別對應(yīng)實際田間作業(yè)的分層、橫向和縱向劃分,。在分層處理中,,仿真與實測結(jié)果表明,SR和SSR埋入土壤中的秸稈量都明顯大于TR,,尤其是埋入土壤下層的秸稈量均是TR的數(shù)倍,。TR、SR和SSR作業(yè)后各層秸稈占比仿真值和實測值的變異系數(shù)均呈遞減趨勢,,其中SSR的變異系數(shù)最小,,分別為28.8%和28.7%。3種耕作裝備下仿真值與實測值的變異系數(shù)相差不大,,平均誤差為9.6%。橫向和縱向劃分中,,TR,、SR和SSR的各區(qū)域秸稈占比仿真值和實測值的變異系數(shù)無絕對規(guī)律,SSR的變異系數(shù)均最小,。離散元仿真和田間試驗結(jié)果表明,,SSR秸稈還田后,秸稈在土壤中垂直分布和水平分布的均勻性均最優(yōu),。離散元仿真較好地擬合了實際田間作業(yè)后秸稈的空間分布狀態(tài),,相對誤差在可接受范圍內(nèi)。

    Abstract:

    Traditional rotary tiller (TR), straw rotary burying and returning machine (SR) and subsoiling combine straw rotary burying and returning machine (SSR) were simulated by discrete element method and compared with field experiments. The spatial coordinate of straw in soil was measured by the developed measuring device of straw three-dimensional coordinate, and the spatial state of straw in soil was restored in the three-dimensional drawing software. The straw was quantified and visualized in the three-dimensional drawing. The uniformity of vertical and horizontal distribution of straw in soil were studied by layer, horizontal and vertical division of sampling cubes. The corresponding simulation models were established in the discrete element software, and the same operation parameters were set up with the field experiment. After the simulation work was completed, the amount of straw in the area were calculated by setting different Geometry Bins. They corresponded to the actual field operation of the layer, horizontal and vertical division. The results showed that in the layer process, both the simulated and measured values, the amount of straw buried in the soil by SR and SSR was significantly larger than those of TR, especially in the lower layer of soil, which was several times as much as that of TR. In the layer treatment, the variation coefficients of the simulation and measurement of straw proportion in different layers after TR, SR and SSR operations showed a decreasing trend, and the variation coefficients of SSR were the smallest, which were 28.8% and 28.7%, respectively. The variation coefficients between simulated values and measured values under three kinds of tillage equipment were not very different, with an average error of 9.6%. There was no absolute regular of variation coefficients between simulated and measured values of straw proportion of TR, SR and SSR in the landscape orientation and portrait division, but the variation coefficients of SSR were the smallest in the whole, which showed that the uniformity of vertical and horizontal distribution of straw in soil was the best after SSR straw incorporation, whether in discrete element simulation or field experiment. On the whole, the discrete element simulation fitted the spatial distribution of straw well after field operation, and the relative error was within acceptable range.

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周華,李棟,劉政源,李支軼,駱雙成,夏俊芳.秸稈旋埋還田后空間分布效果仿真與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2019,50(9):69-77. ZHOU Hua, LI Dong, LIU Zhengyuan, LI Zhiyi, LUO Shuangcheng, XIA Junfang. Simulation and Experiment of Spatial Distribution Effect after Straw Incorporation into Soil by Rotary Burial[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(9):69-77.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-06-17
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-09-10
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