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三七土壤水蒸氣消毒針結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計與試驗
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云南省重大科技計劃項目(2016ZF001-4-3)、云南省重大科技專項(2018ZC001-1-1)和國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(51305187)


Structural Design and Test of Soil Steam Disinfection Needle in Panax notoginseng Field
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    摘要:

    針對連作障礙嚴(yán)重制約三七種植可持續(xù)發(fā)展的問題,,設(shè)計一種針式水蒸氣輸出裝置,,對消毒針的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)進行優(yōu)化,,并通過土槽試驗進行驗證,。通過Fluent軟件對消毒針內(nèi)部進行仿真,,結(jié)果表明,,消毒針出口流速,、壓力增大,,出口溫度無明顯變化,。土壤熱傳導(dǎo)試驗表明,在5min內(nèi)即可將土壤加熱到90℃,,土壤加熱基本規(guī)律為下層土壤加熱效率較低,、上層土壤加熱效率高,。為了探究消毒針不同結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對土壤升溫效果的影響,選取單側(cè)孔口數(shù)量,、孔口直徑和水蒸氣出射角作為試驗因素,,選取土壤升溫到90℃所需時間作為試驗指標(biāo),進行了正交試驗,,確定消毒針最優(yōu)結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)組合為:消毒針單側(cè)孔口數(shù)量為4個,、孔口直徑為2mm、水蒸氣出射角為45°,,此時土壤升溫到90℃時間最短,,為116s。通過Fluent多孔介質(zhì)傳熱仿真得出,,消毒針的最佳排布方式為6×6,,最佳數(shù)量為36根,間距為250mm,。對消毒后的土壤有機質(zhì)含量及pH值進行檢測,,表明消毒后土壤環(huán)境符合三七生長的環(huán)境要求。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problem of continuous cropping obstacles that seriously restrict the sustainable development of Panax notoginseng planting, a needle steam output device was designed. The structural parameters of the disinfection needle were optimized and verified by the soilbin test. The simulation experiments of the needle’s internal were carried out by Fluent software, the test results showed that the flow rate and pressure of the disinfection needle were increased, and no significant change in outlet temperature was found. The basic law of soil heating was verified by the soilbin test. The soil can be heated to 90℃ in 5 minutes, and the heating efficiency of the lower soil was low, and that of the upper soil was high. In order to explore the effect of different structural parameters of the disinfecting needle on the warming effect of the soil, the number, diameter and steam emission angle of the hole on one side were selected as the test factors of the soilbin test, and the time required for the soil to rise to 90℃ was selected as the test index, and orthogonal tests were carried out respectively to determine the optimal structural parameters of the disinfecting needle. When the number of single side orifices was 4, the diameter of the orifice was 2mm, and the steam exit angle was 45°, the heating time of soil by the disinfection needle structure was the shortest, for 116s. The optimal arrangement of disinfection needles was 6×6 layout, the optimal number was 36, and the spacing was 250mm by the heat transfer simulation of Fluent porous media. The changes in soil organic matter and pH value after disinfection were tested, the soil environment after disinfection met the environmental requirements for the growth of Panax notoginseng.

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王鳳花,宋彥,賴慶輝,趙威.三七土壤水蒸氣消毒針結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2019,50(8):123-130. WANG Fenghua, SONG Yan, LAI Qinghui, ZHAO Wei. Structural Design and Test of Soil Steam Disinfection Needle in Panax notoginseng Field[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(8):123-130.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-04-08
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-08-10
  • 出版日期: 2019-08-10
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