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面向精準(zhǔn)噴霧的果樹冠層體積在線計算方法
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山東省重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2015GNC112004)、山東省農(nóng)業(yè)重大應(yīng)用技術(shù)提升項目、山東省自然科學(xué)基金項目(ZR2018MC017)、山東省林業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊項目(LYCX04-2018-22)和山東省重大科技創(chuàng)新工程項目(2018CXGC0209)


Online Calculation Method of Fruit Trees Canopy Volume for Precision Spray
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    摘要:

    針對目前變量噴霧未綜合考慮空隙預(yù)判及防漏噴的問題,提出了基于空隙預(yù)判的果樹冠層體積在線計算方法,。該方法利用超聲波傳感器與激光傳感器提前46cm探測,獲取冠層信息點云圖,,并剔除空隙及冗余數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行濾波,;同時進(jìn)行曲線分割、空隙預(yù)判,,沿噴霧機(jī)行進(jìn)方向離散分割冠層,,并制定針對空隙的防漏噴決策。試驗表明:采用融合式傳感器陣列及防漏噴策略,,防漏噴效果最佳,,但存在噴施過量的問題。相比普通融合式傳感器陣列,改進(jìn)后的融合式傳感器陣列,,在連續(xù)型密集果園上,、中、下冠層的霧滴沉積個數(shù)分別降低6.95%,、3.85%和升高4.40%,,沉積量分別降低11.11%、8.33%,、3.57%,;在紡錘型稀疏果園上、中,、下冠層的霧滴沉積個數(shù)分別降低27.08%,、30.37%、18.55%,,沉積量分別降低64.71%,、60.87%、40.38%,;在單株型稀疏果園上,、中、下冠層的霧滴沉積個數(shù)分別降低18.44%,、26.26%,、15.54%,沉積量分別降低40%,、42.43%,、41.46%。

    Abstract:

    In order to solve the problem of synthetic void pre-judgment and anti-leakage spray, a new canopy partied volume method of fruit tree was developed based on void pre-judgment. The measurement sensors required were NU40F15TR-2M non-contact ultrasonic ranging sensor and SICK-DT35 non-contact laser ranging sensor, which were fixed on caterpillar self-propelled orchard sprayer. When information of fruits was collected, the vehicle’s traveling speed was 1.0m/s, and the sensor was 1.4m away from the tree trunk. Firstly, NU40F15TR-2M non-contact ultrasonic ranging sensor and SICK-DT35 non-contact laser ranging sensor were used to obtain orchard information point cloud pictures, ahead of nozzle 46cm distance, which were distances between ranging sensor and fruits canopy. Continuous canopy width was calculated based on point cloud picture, and canopy width calculation formula was designed. At the same time, fruits void was reasoned by the formulas, and the abnormal data point was chosen with a negative canopy width value and replaced with data points of zero. Secondly, length of discrete canopy volume model was determined by E6B2-CWZ10C speed, because speed of caterpillar self-propelled orchard sprayer was nonuniform motion in actual travelling. Thus caterpillar self-propelled orchard sprayer travelling distance of a certain period time was calculated by uniform speed of caterpillar self-propelled orchard sprayer and variable rate spraying decision time. And variable spraying decision time was designed by a required time formula, which was satisfied with responsing time, effective spray time of the actuator and the real-time requirement of variable spray. Pulse number of E6B2-CWZ10C speed encoder was calculated based on the principle of itself and caterpillar self-propelled orchard sprayer driving distance of a certain period time. Thus discrete canopy length was obtained by E6B2-CWZ10C speed encoder and variable rate spraying decision time. Finally, fruits void and fruits canopy were judged by a model, which was used to distinguish fruits void, fruits canopy and the mixture of fruits void and fruits canopy. There were fruits void, when the average width was less than one tenth of the maximum width in the distance of discrete canopy length. Therefore, the discrete canopy width value was got and fruit tree canopy volume model was partied. This anti-leakage spray decision was made by designing logic operation. The testing results showed that the fusing sensor array and the blowout prevention strategy were the best. But there was the problem of overspray. By improving the fusion sensor array and testing, compared with the conventional fusion sensor array, the number of droplets in the upper, middle and lower canopy of the continuous dense orchard was decreased by 6.95%, 3.85%, and increased by 4.40%, respectively;the deposition amount was decreased by 11.11%, 8.33% and 3.57%, respectively. The number of droplets in the upper, middle and lower canopy of the spindle-type sparse orchard was decreased by 27.08%, 30.37% and 18.55%, respectively;the sedimentation was decreased by 64.71%, 60.87% and 40.38%, respectively. The number of droplets in the upper, middle and lower canopy of the single plant type sparse orchard was decreased by 18.44%, 26.26% and 15.54% respectively;the sedimentation was decreased by 40%, 42.43% and 41.46%, respectively.

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姜紅花,劉理民,柳平增,王金宇,張曉輝,高東升.面向精準(zhǔn)噴霧的果樹冠層體積在線計算方法[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2019,50(7):120-129. JIANG Honghua, LIU Limin, LIU Pingzeng, WANG Jinyu, ZHANG Xiaohui, GAO Dongsheng. Online Calculation Method of Fruit Trees Canopy Volume for Precision Spray[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(7):120-129.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-12-29
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-07-10
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