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舀勺式馬鈴薯播種機(jī)排種器清種裝置設(shè)計與試驗
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2016YFD0701600,、2017YFD0700705)、現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系建設(shè)專項(CARS-09-P23),、北方馬鈴薯全程機(jī)械化科研基地項目(2017-A2231-230112-G1302-008)和黑龍江八一農(nóng)墾大學(xué)三橫三縱支持計劃項目(TDJH201803)


Design and Experiment of Seed-clearing Device for Cup-belt Type Patato Seed-metering Device
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    摘要:

    針對目前舀勺式馬鈴薯播種機(jī)排種器清種裝置振動頻率不均,、振幅調(diào)整不勻,,以及清種部件結(jié)構(gòu)不合理,,導(dǎo)致種薯重播率高,、漏播率高和損傷率高等問題,設(shè)計了舀勺式馬鈴薯播種機(jī)排種器的清種裝置,。通過對清種作業(yè)過程進(jìn)行運(yùn)動學(xué)和動力學(xué)分析,,確定了影響清種效果的主要因素,設(shè)計了清種裝置的關(guān)鍵部件,。以偏心距,、輸送帶主驅(qū)動輪轉(zhuǎn)速、種層高度為試驗因素,,以重播率,、漏播率為試驗指標(biāo)進(jìn)行田間試驗,試驗結(jié)果表明:彈性引導(dǎo)式清種部件可有效清除勺間夾帶種薯,,振動清種裝置可有效清除勺內(nèi)多余種薯,,顯著提升了排種器的工作效率。當(dāng)偏心距為1.9mm,、輸送帶主驅(qū)動輪轉(zhuǎn)速為40.61r/min,、種層高度為33cm時,重播率為3.04%,,漏播率為2.01%,,指標(biāo)優(yōu)于國家行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),清種效果提升顯著,。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problem that uneven vibration frequency, uneven amplitude adjustment and unreasonable structure of the seed dressing device, the seedlings had high weight loss rate and high damage rate. Breeding device for potato seeder seed metering device was designed. Through the kinematics and dynamics analysis of the cleaning operation process, the main factors affecting the seed cleaning effect were determined, and the structure of the seed cleaning device was designed. This plank can also reduce the horizontal velocity of potato seed to decrease the distance of potato drop into furrow. The eccentricity, the main driving wheel speed of the conveyor belt and the height of the seed layer were used as experimental factors. The field experiment was carried out with the re-broadcast rate and the missed-air rate as test indicators. The test results showed that the elastic-guided clean-up parts can effectively remove the seed potatoes between the spoons, and the vibration-cleaning device can effectively remove the excess seed potatoes in the spoon, which was significantly improved. When the eccentricity was 1.9mm, the main drive wheel speed of the conveyor belt was 40.61r/min, and the seed layer height was 33cm, the replay index was 3.04%, and the missed broadcast index was 2.01%. The index was better than standard of China. According to industry standards, the effect of seed cleaning was significantly improved. The device provided a theoretical reference for improving the design of the seeding device of the scoop potato planter.

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呂金慶,王鵬榕,楊曉涵,李紫輝,李季成,衣淑娟.舀勺式馬鈴薯播種機(jī)排種器清種裝置設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2019,50(7):51-60. Lü Jinqing, WANG Pengrong, YANG Xiaohan, LI Zihui, LI Jicheng, YI Shujuan. Design and Experiment of Seed-clearing Device for Cup-belt Type Patato Seed-metering Device[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(7):51-60.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-04-09
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-07-10
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