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小麥小區(qū)播種機排種控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計與試驗
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現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系建設(shè)項目(CARS-03)和國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2017YFD0701201)


Design and Experiment of Wheat Seeding Control System in Plot Seeder
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    摘要:

    為了提高小區(qū)播種機自動化水平,解決傳統(tǒng)小區(qū)播種機械作業(yè)參數(shù)不易調(diào)節(jié)等問題,,設(shè)計了一種基于STM32的小麥小區(qū)播種機排種控制系統(tǒng),。該系統(tǒng)主要由Android終端,、STM32主控制系統(tǒng),、存種筒提升控制系統(tǒng),、錐體格盤控制系統(tǒng)以及分種器控制系統(tǒng)等組成,,確定存種筒延遲落下時間,,分別建立步進電機和直流電機調(diào)速模型,,設(shè)計人機交互界面進行作業(yè)參數(shù)設(shè)置,,實現(xiàn)了小區(qū)排種作業(yè)參數(shù)與實際作業(yè)需求的快速匹配。搭建室內(nèi)試驗臺,,以錐體格盤轉(zhuǎn)速,、分種器轉(zhuǎn)速為試驗因素,以行間均勻性變異系數(shù)為評價指標(biāo)進行試驗。試驗結(jié)果表明,,錐體格盤轉(zhuǎn)速,、分種器轉(zhuǎn)速以及兩者之間的交互作用對行間均勻性均有非常顯著的影響;當(dāng)錐體格盤轉(zhuǎn)速為4r/min,、分種器轉(zhuǎn)速為1250r/min時,,行間均勻性變異系數(shù)均值為4.53%,行間均勻性較好,,且籽粒破碎率較低,。該系統(tǒng)實現(xiàn)了小區(qū)排種作業(yè)精確控制,為小區(qū)播種的智能化控制提供了技術(shù)支撐,。

    Abstract:

    As a special machinery for field breeding experiments, the plot seeder has a very important role in improving efficiency of breeding, reducing labor intensity and costs, as well as ensuring scientific nature and accuracy of test results. In order to improve the mechanization and automation level of the plot seeder and solve the problem that it is difficult to adjust the operating parameters, a wheat plot seeding control system based on STM32 was developed. The system was mainly composed of an Android mobile phone terminal, main controller of STM32, lifting system of storage cylinder, control system of cone compartment tray for seed meter, and control system of seed dispenser. The stepper motor and direct current motor speed control model were established. And human-computer interaction interface was designed, which was used to set working parameters. For checking up the performance of wheat plot seeding control system in plot seeder and gaining better combination of parameters, indoor tests were carried out at three cone compartment tray rotation speed of 4r/min, 6r/min and 8r/min, and four seed dispenser rotation speed of 1100r/min, 1250r/min, 1400r/min and 1550r/min. Test results showed that the cone compartment tray rotation speed, seed dispenser rotation speed, and the interaction of them had a very significant effect on the uniformity between rows by the analysis of variance. With the increase of rotating speed of the cone compartment tray, the variation coefficient of the uniformity between rows was increased. With the change of rotating speed of seed dispenser at 1100~1550r/min, the variation coefficient of the seed uniformity was reduced firstly and then increased. When the rotating speed of the cone compartment tray and seed dispenser was 4r/min and 1250r/min respectively, the variation coefficient of uniformity between rows was 4.53%, of which the uniformity between rows was better and the grain damage rate was smaller. This control system could provide a research basis for the automation and intelligent control of plot seeding.

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程修沛,李洪文,王慶杰,何進,盧彩云,楊薇.小麥小區(qū)播種機排種控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2019,50(7):30-38. CHENG Xiupei, LI Hongwen, WANG Qingjie, HE Jin, LU Caiyun, YANG Wei. Design and Experiment of Wheat Seeding Control System in Plot Seeder[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(7):30-38.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-01-14
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-07-10
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