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In order to understand the effect of grassland vegetation restoration and understand the elastic characteristics of grassland ecosystem, Xilin Gole League Grassland National Nature Reserve was taken as the object, supported by ArcGIS, Fragstats and other software, a conceptual landscape spatial elasticity model (LSR) was established from three factors: landscape pattern stability (LPS), landscape ecological sensitivity (LES) and human disturbance, and the landscape spatial ecological sensitivity and resistance characteristics of the study area were analyzed and evaluated. The results showed that the stability of forest and grassland landscape pattern was higher at the class level, especially in the core zone，but the LPS value was far lower than the theoretical optimal value, and the stability level of landscape pattern needed to be improved. The ecological sensitivity of nearly 60% of the protected areas was moderately sensitive, and the majority of the core zones and their buffer zones were at the medium and high sensitivity level, and the ratio of the highly sensitive areas from the core zones to the buffer zones showed an increasing trend. Due to the dual effects of natural and man-made activities, the area ratio of low-elasticity areas below the moderate level in the whole nature reserve was over 70%, from core zone to external experimental zone, the range of extremely low resistance space was increasing, and vegetation restoration should be strengthened in more than 60% of protected areas. According to the spatial resistance of landscape, 10.53% of the areas needed to be protected, which was distributed in the eastern part of the protected functional zone C, northwestern part of zone E and the intersection of the zone D and zone E. The landscape spatial resistance framework and its conceptual model can comprehensively consider the stability and ecological sensitivity of the landscape pattern, and had positive guidance for evaluating and recognizing the landscape spatial resistance characteristics of grassland natural reserves, formulating grassland vegetation restoration plan and optimizing protection function areas.