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水肥一體化下不同滴灌帶配置對玉米產(chǎn)量的影響
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2016YFC0400203),、陜西省技術(shù)創(chuàng)新引導專項基金項目(2017CGZH-HJ-06)和陜西省創(chuàng)新人才推進計劃項目(2018TD-037)


Effects of Different Drip Irrigation Belts Distributions on Maize Yield under Water and Fertilizer Integration
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    針對水肥一體化下不同滴灌帶配置方式對作物產(chǎn)量的影響,結(jié)合實際探究了當鋪設50m長滴灌帶,、設置6種不同首部壓力時,毛管首、中,、尾部的土壤含水率,、干物質(zhì)質(zhì)量積累量對作物產(chǎn)量的影響。結(jié)果表明:滴灌帶類型差異使得土壤的平均含水率在生育期內(nèi)變化規(guī)律有所差異,,滴頭采用內(nèi)鑲貼片式(N030)時土壤含水率變化規(guī)律呈較明顯的先下降后上升趨勢,,且隨著滴頭流量的增大,在全生育期土壤含水率變化越平緩,;滴頭采用側(cè)翼迷宮式(L015)時土壤含水率變化趨勢平緩,,且隨著滴頭流量的增大,在全生育期土壤含水率變化越顯著,。L015下全生育期土壤含水率均滿足作物生長的需求,,可以為作物提供充足水分,;流入滴灌帶的肥液流速越低、長度越長,,附著在管壁的肥料質(zhì)量越多,,尾部作物的肥料利用率越低,致使養(yǎng)分吸收少,,作物產(chǎn)量降低,。對不同處理下毛管的首、中,、尾部產(chǎn)量均勻性進行分析表明,,隨著滴灌帶長度的增加,N030的作物產(chǎn)量均勻性逐漸降低,,L015的作物產(chǎn)量均勻性逐漸上升,,故不同滴頭流量對沿滴灌帶長度方向的產(chǎn)量均勻性有一定影響。

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    The effects of soil moisture content, dry mass accumulation and soil moisture content of capillary head, middle and tail of drip irrigation belt on crop yield under six different head pressures were investigated by laying 50m long drip irrigation belt. The results showed that the variation of average soil moisture content during the growth period was different due to the difference of drip irrigation zone type. The variation law of soil moisture content of N030 showed obvious trend of decreasing at first and then rising, and with the increase of dripper flow, the soil moisture content of N030 was increased. The change of soil moisture content was smooth in the whole growth period. The changing trend of L015 soil moisture content was smooth, and with the increase of dripper flow, the soil moisture content was changed more significantly in the whole growing period. Under the condition of L015, the soil moisture content in the whole growing period can meet the needs of crop growth, and it can provide sufficient water for crops. The lower the flow velocity and the longer the length were, the more the fertilizer was attached to the belt wall, the lower the fertilizer utilization efficiency of the tail crop was, and the less the nutrient absorption was, the lower the crop yield was. The yield uniformity of the head, middle and tail of capillary tube under different treatments was analyzed. It was found that with the increase of length of drip irrigation belt, the uniformity of crop yield of N030 was decreased gradually, and the uniformity of crop yield was increased at L015. Therefore, different drip discharges had certain effect on the yield uniformity along the length of drip irrigation belt.

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王睿,李鵬,王文娥.水肥一體化下不同滴灌帶配置對玉米產(chǎn)量的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2019,50(5):327-333. WANG Rui, LI Peng, WANG Wene. Effects of Different Drip Irrigation Belts Distributions on Maize Yield under Water and Fertilizer Integration[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(5):327-333.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-11-14
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-05-10
  • 出版日期: 2019-05-10
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