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驅(qū)導(dǎo)輔助充種氣吸式精量排種器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51605268)、山東省自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(ZR2016EEB22),、山東省重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2018GNC112001)和山東省農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院農(nóng)業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新工程項(xiàng)目(CXGC2018E18)


Design and Experiment of Pneumatic Precision Seed-metering Device with Guided Assistant Seed-filling
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)現(xiàn)有氣吸式排種器充種環(huán)節(jié)工作壓力要求高,、高速作業(yè)時(shí)充種性能不佳,導(dǎo)致排種質(zhì)量下降的問題,,采用主動(dòng)驅(qū)導(dǎo)種群,、減少局部種間接觸的方法,,提高排種器高速條件下的充種率,并基于此設(shè)計(jì)了一種驅(qū)導(dǎo)輔助充種氣吸式精量排種器,。分析了排種器充種過程中種子的受力狀態(tài),,闡述了排種盤導(dǎo)種槽輔助充種的工作原理,以及在充種過程各階段提高種子充填率的設(shè)計(jì)思路,;對(duì)導(dǎo)種槽外形曲線方程,、斜面傾角進(jìn)行了理論計(jì)算,確定了曲線的基本參數(shù),;利用氣固耦合數(shù)值分析方法CFD-DEM,,以型孔處局部空隙率為指標(biāo),進(jìn)行了單因素仿真試驗(yàn),,確定了導(dǎo)種槽曲線方程的基圓半徑最優(yōu)值,。為了驗(yàn)證設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果,在工作壓力-5,、-6kPa條件下,,分別與其他2種氣吸式排種器進(jìn)行速度單因素對(duì)比試驗(yàn),試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,,所設(shè)計(jì)的排種器在高速條件下的漏充率優(yōu)于其他排種器,。對(duì)所設(shè)計(jì)的排種器進(jìn)行了前進(jìn)速度、工作壓力的雙因素試驗(yàn),,通過多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化方法,,確定了排種器的最佳工作參數(shù)。將所設(shè)計(jì)的排種器安裝在氣力式玉米免耕播種機(jī)上,,在3個(gè)工作速度下進(jìn)行了單因素田間試驗(yàn),,結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)作業(yè)速度為9.11km/h時(shí),粒距合格指數(shù)為95.48%,,高速條件下充種性能較為穩(wěn)定,。

    Abstract:

    Aiming to solve the problem of poor seeding quality of the current airsuction vertical disc precision seed metering device caused by higher demands for working pressure during seedfilling process at high speed working conditions. One kind of air suction precision seed metering device with guided assistant seed filling plate was designed to improve the singulation index (SI) of the seed meter at high speed. Basic parameters of the curve were expounded, the source of resistance during the seedfilling was analyzed, and the ideal filling state of the various segments of the seed was presented. An optimal value of the base circle radius of the disturbance groove curve equation was proposed by the calculation of disturbance trough curve equation, the calculation of edge tilt angle, and a single factor simulation experiment was carried out with the CFD-DEM method by gassolid coupling numerical analysis with local void ratio as an indicator. In order to verify the design results, an single factor simulation experiment which compared with two domestic popular airsuction vertical disc precision seed metering devices was carried out under the working wind pressure of -5.0kPa and -6.0kPa. The results showed that the missing rate and the qualified rate were better than those of the other two seed metering devices. Twofactor experiments of operation pressure and forward speed were made on the designed seed metering devices, the optimal operating parameters were proposed by multiobjective optimization analysis. The developed seed metering device was installed on the electrical drive air suction type seeding machine, and the single factor repeating factor test was carried out at three working speeds. When the working speed was 9.11km/h, the grain distance qualified index was 95.48%, and the seedfilling had a better performance at high speed conditions.

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史嵩,周紀(jì)磊,劉虎,方會(huì)敏,薦世春,張榮芳.驅(qū)導(dǎo)輔助充種氣吸式精量排種器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2019,50(5):61-70. SHI Song, ZHOU Jilei, LIU Hu, FANG Huimin, JIAN Shichun, ZHANG Rongfang. Design and Experiment of Pneumatic Precision Seed-metering Device with Guided Assistant Seed-filling[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(5):61-70.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-03-03
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-05-10
  • 出版日期: 2019-05-10
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