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基于3D視覺的青飼機(jī)拖車車斗自動(dòng)識(shí)別與定位方法
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國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016YFD0701401)


Automatic Identification and Location Method of Forage Harvester Trailer Hopper Based on 3D Vision
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    摘要:

    根據(jù)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)智能化需求,,提出一種基于三維視覺的青飼機(jī)拖車車斗自動(dòng)識(shí)別和定位方法,。該方法通過圖像與點(diǎn)云數(shù)據(jù)處理技術(shù)相互配合,實(shí)現(xiàn)拖車車斗的邊沿識(shí)別和空間定位,。首先,,利用視覺里程計(jì)概念構(gòu)建相機(jī)與地面三維坐標(biāo)系之間的關(guān)聯(lián),并用奇異值分解算法求解位姿變換矩陣,,將相機(jī)坐標(biāo)系下的3D點(diǎn)云進(jìn)行旋轉(zhuǎn)平移,,并且基于地面進(jìn)行閾值處理和降維;其次,,采用隨機(jī)抽樣一致性算法完成對(duì)車斗邊沿?cái)M合以及車斗角點(diǎn)定位,,獲得機(jī)械臂噴頭與車斗的相對(duì)位置;最后,,通過坐標(biāo)變換,,將定位結(jié)果直觀呈現(xiàn)在像素坐標(biāo)系中。本文方法能夠準(zhǔn)確地定位車斗角點(diǎn),,描繪車斗所在區(qū)域?,F(xiàn)場實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,該方法計(jì)算量較小,、效率高,、準(zhǔn)確性高,能夠滿足現(xiàn)場作業(yè)的實(shí)時(shí)性與精度要求,。

    Abstract:

    The green forage harvester fills the trailer hoppers in real time by its mechanical arm when it is cutting and collecting green forage. Recently, the process of forage filling needs to identify the position of the trailer hoppers through artificial visual recognition, and then control the rotation of the mechanical arm to the right direction, which has the problems of low efficiency, high loss, and manpower consumption. Aiming at the demand of agricultural production intellectualization, a method of automatic recognition and location of trailer hopper of forage harvester based on threedimensional vision was proposed, which combined several advanced image processing methods with point cloud data processing technologies to realize edge recognition, spatial location of trailer hopper. Firstly, the concept of visual odometer was used to construct the relationship between the camera and the ground threedimensional coordinate system, and singular value decomposition (SVD) algorithm was used to calculate the pose transformation matrix, which was used to rotate and translate the three dimension (3D) point cloud under the camera coordinate, and threshold processing and dimension reduction were carried out based on the ground. Secondly, random sample consensus (RANSAC) algorithm was used to fit the edge of the hopper and locate the corners, so the relationship between the mechanical arm nozzle and the trailer hopper was determined. Finally, the result of localization was directly reflected on the pixel coordinates through coordinate transformation. The method proposed can accurately find the corners of the hopper and depict the area where the trailer hopper was located. The experimental results showed that the proposed method was in less computation, at the same time with high efficiency and accuracy, which satisfied the realtime and accuracy requirements in field operation.

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苗中華,陳蘇躍,何創(chuàng)新,金稱雄,馬世偉,徐雙喜.基于3D視覺的青飼機(jī)拖車車斗自動(dòng)識(shí)別與定位方法[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2019,50(5):43-49. MIAO Zhonghua, CHEN Suyue, HE Chuangxin, JIN Chengxiong, MA Shiwei, XU Shuangxi. Automatic Identification and Location Method of Forage Harvester Trailer Hopper Based on 3D Vision[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(5):43-49.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-11-03
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-05-10
  • 出版日期: 2019-05-10
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