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雙自由度多鉸接仿形免耕精量播種單體設(shè)計與試驗
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2018YFD0201004)、現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系建設(shè)專項資金項目(GARS–04)和黑龍江省普通高等學(xué)校東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)工程學(xué)院重點實驗室開放課題項目(KF18-05)


Design and Experiment of Two-degree-of-freedom Multi-articulated Profiling No-tillage Precision Drill Unit
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    摘要:

    針對2BMFJ系列原茬地免耕覆秸播種機(jī)播后鎮(zhèn)壓效果和播種深度一致性不理想的問題,設(shè)計了雙自由度多鉸接仿形免耕精量播種單體,應(yīng)用保守系拉格朗日方程建立了種溝深度數(shù)學(xué)模型,初步確定了影響種溝深度的關(guān)鍵結(jié)構(gòu)與工作參數(shù)。采用四因素五水平二次回歸正交旋轉(zhuǎn)中心組合試驗方法,選取彈簧初始增量、初始牽引角、彈簧剛度、機(jī)具作業(yè)速度為影響因素,開溝深度合格率、土壤堅實度合格率和開溝深度變異系數(shù)為性能評價指標(biāo),得到影響開溝深度合格率各因素由大到小順序為:彈簧剛度、機(jī)具作業(yè)速度、彈簧初始增量、初始牽引角,影響土壤堅實度合格率各因素由大到小順序為:彈簧剛度、機(jī)具作業(yè)速度、初始牽引角、彈簧初始增量,影響開溝深度變異系數(shù)各因素由大到小順序為:初始牽引角、機(jī)具作業(yè)速度、彈簧剛度、彈簧初始增量。對試驗數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化處理,結(jié)果表明,在初始牽引角0°、彈簧剛度10N/mm條件下,彈簧初始增量15~19.5mm、機(jī)具作業(yè)速度6.7~7.8km/h范圍內(nèi),開溝深度合格率大于95%,土壤堅實度合格率大于95%,開溝深度變異系數(shù)小于10%。

    Abstract:

    Based on the design concept of 2BMFJ series no-tillage precision planter, which is light weight and uniform in sowing depth, a two-degree-of-freedom combined profiling no-tillage precision drill unit was designed. Based on Lagrange equation, a mathematical model of ditching depth of precision drill unit was established, and the key structure and working parameters affecting the ditching depth were determined. The autumn untreated maize stubble field was selected as the test plot. Four-factor and five-level quadratic regression orthogonal rotation center combination test method was applied, experimental optimization on structure and working parameters affecting the performance of precision drill unit was done, and the initial increment of spring, initial traction angle, spring stiffness and working speed were selected as influencing factors. The qualified rate of ditching depth, soil hardness and variation coefficient of ditching depth were selected as evaluation indexes, the primary and secondary relations of factors affecting the qualified rate of ditching depth were obtained as follows: spring stiffness, working speed, initial increment of spring and initial traction angle, the primary and secondary order of factors affecting qualified rate of soil hardness were as follows: spring stiffness, working speed, initial traction angle and initial increment of spring,and the primary and secondary order of the factors affecting the variation coefficient of ditching depth were follows: initial traction angle, working speed, spring stiffness and initial increment of spring. Design-Expert 6.0.10 software was used to establish regression equation, significance and optimization parameters of the test data were tested, the results showed that under the conditions of initial traction angle of 0°, spring stiffness of 10N/mm, initial spring increment of 15~19.5mm and working speed of 6.7~7.8km/h, the qualified rate of ditching depth was more than 95%, the qualified rate of soil hardness was more than 95%,and the variation coefficient of ditching depth was less than 10%.

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侯守印,陳海濤,史乃煜,鄒震,紀(jì)文義,王業(yè)成.雙自由度多鉸接仿形免耕精量播種單體設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2019,50(4):92-101. HOU Shouyin, CHEN Haitao, SHI Naiyu, ZOU Zhen, JI Wenyi, WANG Yecheng. Design and Experiment of Two-degree-of-freedom Multi-articulated Profiling No-tillage Precision Drill Unit[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(4):92-101.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-01-29
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-04-10
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