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人字型水旱兩用旋埋刀輥設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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公益性行業(yè)(農(nóng)業(yè))科研專項(xiàng)(201503136)、國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2017YFD0301303)和國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51605182)


Design and Experiment of Herringbone Type Rotary Blade Roller for Burying Stubble in Paddy Field and Dry Land
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    摘要:

    為適應(yīng)長(zhǎng)江中下游水旱輪作多熟制稻作區(qū)的秸稈還田與土壤耕作,降低現(xiàn)有組合刀輥的作業(yè)功耗和軸向負(fù)載,開展了螺旋橫刀排列方式及結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)的相關(guān)研究。根據(jù)對(duì)刀輥軸向受力的理論分析,提出平衡刀輥軸向力的初步方案,采用離散元軟件模擬不同排列形式的螺旋橫刀對(duì)土壤的切削過程,仿真結(jié)果表明,人字型排列方式的軸向受載穩(wěn)定性與切削阻力優(yōu)于鋸齒型和交錯(cuò)型。基于人字型排列原則,重新規(guī)劃旋耕刀的布局并設(shè)計(jì)配套刀盤,形成一種人字型水旱兩用旋埋刀輥。為了進(jìn)一步降低刀輥功耗,建立螺旋橫刀切削土壤的數(shù)學(xué)模型,分析安裝角與刀寬對(duì)切削阻力及秸稈埋覆效果的影響,并進(jìn)行優(yōu)化。為驗(yàn)證刀輥優(yōu)化后的區(qū)域適用性及減阻效果,進(jìn)行了田間試驗(yàn)。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:人字型水旱兩用旋埋刀輥適用于大多數(shù)水稻田的秸稈埋覆與土壤耕作,其中耕深均值為18.10cm、耕深穩(wěn)定性系數(shù)均值為92.75%、耕后單幅平整度均值為2.00cm、秸稈埋覆率均值為92.60%,均滿足設(shè)計(jì)要求。同時(shí),在不降低秸稈埋覆率的前提下,人字型刀輥較交錯(cuò)型刀輥降低功耗0.34%~17.01%;50°安裝角的螺旋橫刀的刀輥較35°安裝角螺旋橫刀的刀輥降低功耗6.81%~16.46%,達(dá)到了優(yōu)化目的。

    Abstract:

    In order to deal with the problems of straw returning and soil tillage in multiple cropping rice regions of paddy-upland rotation in mid-lower Yangtze River, and reduce the power consumption and axial force of the existing interlaced-type rotary blade roller, a research about arrangement and structure parameters of the helical blades in combined cutter roller was conducted. Based on the theoretical analysis of the axial force of cutter roller, two arrangements for balancing axial forces were proposed and verified by discrete element software. The simulation results showed that the axial load stability and cutting resistance of herringbone arrangement were better than that of serrated and interlaced type. Based on the principle of herringbone type arrangement, the rotary blades ware rearranged and the supporting cutter plate was designed. In order to further reduce the power consumption of the cutter roller, the mathematical model of cutting soil with helical blades was established. Based on the mathematical model, the influence of installation angle and blade width on cutting resistance and straw burying effect was analyzed, and the optimization of the installation angle and blade width was carried out accordingly. Field tests were carried out to verify the applicability and drag reduction effect of the optimized cutter roller. The testing results showed that the optimized cutter roller was suitable for straw returning and soil tillage for most paddy fields, and the average tillage depth was 18.10cm, the stability of the tillage depth was 92.75%, the smoothness after tillage was 2.00cm, and the straw buried rate was 92.60%, which can all meet the design requirements. The results also showed that without reducing the straw buried rate, the power saving range of the herringbone-type rotary blade roller was 0.34%~17.01% compared with the interlaced-type rotary blade roller,and the power saving range of the blade roller assembling helical blades with 50° installation angle was 6.81%~16.46% compared with helical blades with 35° installation angle, which verified that the proposed blade roller can achieve the aim of optimization. The research result provided new technical equipment for the direct full amount of straw returning to the field.

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祝英豪,張居敏,曾榮,張文良,楊全軍,夏俊芳.人字型水旱兩用旋埋刀輥設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2019,50(4):49-57,273. ZHU Yinghao, ZHANG Jumin, ZENG Rong, ZHANG Wenliang, YANG Quanjun, XIA Junfang. Design and Experiment of Herringbone Type Rotary Blade Roller for Burying Stubble in Paddy Field and Dry Land[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(4):49-57,273.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-10-31
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-04-10
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