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基于Kinect的機器人抓取系統(tǒng)研究
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國家自然科學基金項目(51575219)


Research on Robotic Grasping System Based on Kinect Camera
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    智能抓取搬運機器人能夠高效、可靠地完成各種搬運任務,,降低工作人員的勞動強度,,精準的物體定位是機器人執(zhí)行搬運任務的基礎(chǔ),。本文研究了基于Kinect的機器人抓取系統(tǒng),,可實現(xiàn)物體的類別檢測,、物體定位及機器人抓取任務,。抓取系統(tǒng)由3個子系統(tǒng)(物體檢測系統(tǒng),、物體定位系統(tǒng)及機器人抓取系統(tǒng))組成,。首先利用Kinect采集的物體圖像信息訓練單次多盒檢測(Single multibox detection, SSD)模型,,然后根據(jù)SSD模型對物體的類別進行檢測,得到物體在圖像中的邊框,,并獲取邊框中物體像素坐標和深度,,接著通過Kinect相機手眼標定法將像素坐標和深度轉(zhuǎn)換到機器人基坐標系中,實現(xiàn)物體的定位,,最后通過機器人逆運動學求解關(guān)節(jié)角,,驅(qū)動機器人運動完成抓取搬運任務。對機器人進行了物體的定位和抓取實驗,,實驗結(jié)果表明,,物體的定位誤差較小,物體抓取搬運實驗的平均成功率達到97%,,滿足物體的抓取搬運需求,。

    Abstract:

    The intelligent grasping robot can efficiently and reliably perform various handling tasks, reducing the labor intensity of the staff, and accurate object positioning was the basis for the robot to perform the handling task. A robotic grasping system was studied by using Kinect sensor. The robotic grasping system consisted of three subsystems (object detection system, object positioning system and robot motion system). The image information of the object acquired by Kinect sensor was firstly used to train a single multibox detection (SSD) model, and then the object’s category was detected according to the SSD model, the border of the object in the image and pixel coordinate and depth value of the border were obtained. In order to obtain the mapping between the coordinate information of the object in the threedimensional space and the pixel information in the image, the camera can be calibrated by ZHANG Zhengyou calibration method to obtain the intrinsic parameters, extrinsic parameters and distortion parameters. The robot system and the vision system were connected by the Kinect camera handeye calibration, and then the threedimensional coordinates of the object in the robot base coordinate system were obtained by coordinate transformation to realize the object positioning. Finally, the robot inverse kinematics was introduced to solve the joint angle, and the robot motion was driven to complete the grasping and carrying task. Object’s positioning and conveying experiments were conducted. The mean absolute error of the object in x and y directions was 5.2mm and 2.8mm, respectively. The mean absolute error of object height was 4.5mm. The success rate of the object grabbing and carrying experiment was 97%. The experimental results showed that the robotic grasping system proposed was valid to perform object detection, object positioning and conveying task.

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黃玲濤,王彬,倪濤,繆海峰,李亞男.基于Kinect的機器人抓取系統(tǒng)研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2019,50(1):390-399. HUANG Lingtao, WANG Bin, NI Tao, MIAO Haifeng, LI Ya’nan. Research on Robotic Grasping System Based on Kinect Camera[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(1):390-399.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-09-29
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-01-10
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