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保水劑吸釋水分與養(yǎng)分動(dòng)力學(xué)規(guī)律研究
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51379210)


Kinetics Law of Absorption and Release of Water and Nutrients by Super Absorbent Polymers
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    摘要:

    圍繞保水劑吸收,、釋放水分和養(yǎng)分的性質(zhì),,通過室內(nèi)試驗(yàn)深入分析了3種粒徑規(guī)格(0.8~1.6mm、1.6~3.5mm、3.5~5.0mm)的保水劑在不同濃度(0.02,、0.04、0.08mol/L)NH4H2PO4養(yǎng)分溶液中反復(fù)吸釋水分及養(yǎng)分的動(dòng)力學(xué)規(guī)律,。結(jié)果表明:保水劑吸水初始,,吸水速率達(dá)到最大,隨后逐漸減小并趨于溶脹平衡,,吸水倍率與溶液濃度關(guān)系由大到小依次為0.02,、0.04、0.08mol/L,,與粒徑關(guān)系由大到小依次為1.6~3.5mm,、3.5~5.0mm、0.8~1.6mm,,隨吸水次數(shù)增多而減小,。保水劑吸持水分的能力和每小時(shí)釋水量隨轉(zhuǎn)速(土壤吸力)的增大不斷減小,,釋水時(shí)保水率與溶液濃度關(guān)系由大到小依次為0.02、0.04,、0.08mol/L,,與粒徑關(guān)系由大到小依次為0.8~1.6mm、3.5~5.0mm,、1.6~3.5mm,,離心次數(shù)對(duì)其影響不顯著。保水劑釋水時(shí)濾液中NH+4N,、PO3-4P濃度隨轉(zhuǎn)速(土壤吸力)增大整體呈減小趨勢(shì),,累積釋放量與溶液濃度關(guān)系由大到小依次為0.08、0.04,、0.02mol/L,,與粒徑關(guān)系由大到小依次為1.6~3.5mm、3.5~5.0mm,、0.8~1.6mm,,隨離心次數(shù)增多而減少。相較其他粒徑保水劑,1.6~3.5mm粒徑保水劑在同樣條件下吸收,、釋放較多水的同時(shí),,還能釋放出更多養(yǎng)分離子。

    Abstract:

    n agricultural production, the characteristics of water absorption and release of super absorbent polymers (SAP) are generally affected by soil solution and nutrient icons. The study on SAP of absorption and release of water and nutrients was mainly focused on through laboratory tests. These tests were used to investigate the kinetics of repeated absorption and release of water and nutrients in three particle sizes of SAP (0.8~1.6mm, 1.6~3.5mm and 3.5~5.0mm) at different NH4H2PO4 concentrations (0.02mol/L, 0.04mol/L and 0. 08mol/L). The results indicated that the water absorption rate of SAP reached the maximum value initially, and then decreased gradually and finally tended to reach the swelling equilibrium state. The water absorbency was decreased with the increase of solution concentration while water absorbency under different particle sizes of SAP ranked as follows:1.6~3.5mm, 3.5~5.0mm and 0.8~1.6mm. Meanwhile, the water absorbency was decreased with the 〖JP〗increase of water absorption times. The ability of SAP to absorb water and the amount of water released per hour were decreased with the increase of rotational speed (soil suction). The water retention rate was decreased with the increase of solution concentration when releasing water, while the water retention rate under different particle sizes of SAP ranked as follows: 0.8~1.6mm, 3.5~5.0mm and 1.6~3.5mm. However, the influence of centrifugation times on water retention rate was not significant. The concentrations of NH+4N and PO34P of the released solution were decreased with the increase of rotational speed (soil suction). The cumulative amounts of NH+4N and PO3-4P were increased with the increase of concentration of solution, while the cumulative amounts of NH+4N and PO3-4P under different particle sizes of SAP ranked as follows: 1.6~3.5mm, 3.5~5.0mm and 0.8~1.6mm. The cumulative amounts of NH+4N and PO3-4P were decreased with the increase of centrifugation times. It can be concluded that the amount of water absorbing, releasing and nutrient releasing at particle size of 1.6~3.5mm for SAP were much more than the other treatments.

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魏琛琛,廖人寬,王瑜,魏榕,楊鳳茹,楊培嶺.保水劑吸釋水分與養(yǎng)分動(dòng)力學(xué)規(guī)律研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2019,50(1):275-284. WEI Chenchen, LIAO Renkuan, WANG Yu, WEI Rong, YANG Fengru, YANG Peiling. Kinetics Law of Absorption and Release of Water and Nutrients by Super Absorbent Polymers[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(1):275-284.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-07-18
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-01-10
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