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振刷式枸杞采收機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)優(yōu)化
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寧夏回族自治區(qū)重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(nxzdkjxm2016-04-02)和國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2017YFD0700402-2)


Design and Experiment on Vibrating and Comb Brushing Harvester for Lycium barbarum
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    摘要:

    為了實(shí)現(xiàn)枸杞機(jī)械采收的高效,、低損,,融合振動(dòng)和梳刷原理,,設(shè)計(jì)了一種便攜振刷式枸杞采收機(jī),,同時(shí),,根據(jù)枸杞鮮果與果柄脫離機(jī)理,,采用單個(gè)集中質(zhì)量力學(xué)模型,,建立了采收機(jī)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,,得到了采收機(jī)作用于枸杞鮮果的接觸點(diǎn)位移,、速度和加速度方程,。運(yùn)用ADAMS對(duì)采收機(jī)進(jìn)行了運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)與動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真,仿真結(jié)果表明:梳刷轉(zhuǎn)速60~70r/min,、凸輪轉(zhuǎn)速25~35r/min,、梳刷樣式Ⅱ型時(shí),熟果可以從果柄上脫離且不受損傷,。采用三因素三水平二次正交旋轉(zhuǎn)組合試驗(yàn),,建立了熟果采收率、青果錯(cuò)采率,、熟果破損率與梳刷轉(zhuǎn)速,、〖JP2〗凸輪轉(zhuǎn)速、梳刷樣式之間的數(shù)學(xué)模型,,分析了各因素對(duì)熟果采收率,、青果錯(cuò)采率、熟果破損率的影響,,確定了最佳參數(shù)組合:梳刷轉(zhuǎn)速64.52r/min,、〖JP〗凸輪轉(zhuǎn)速29.68r/min、梳刷樣式Ⅱ型,,并進(jìn)行了田間試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,。田間試驗(yàn)表明,熟果采收率為89.12%,,青果錯(cuò)采率為5.87%,,熟果破損率為6.24%,。

    Abstract:

    Nowadays, the manual harvesting is the most common harvesting method of Lycium barbarum (L. barbarum), but the efficiency of the manual harvesting is low and the cost of that is high. In order to achieve the goal of high efficiency and low damage of the mechanical harvesting of L. barbarum, a portable vibrating and comb brushing harvester for L. barbarum based on the principle of vibrating and comb brushing was designed. Based on the separation principle of L. barbarum and the carpopodium, the mechanical model was adopted by single centralized mass method to establish the dynamic model of the harvester and the equations of the displacement, velocity and acceleration of contact point of ripe L. barbarum applied load by the harvester were obtained. In order to optimize the structure and working parameters of the harvester, the kinematics and dynamics simulation of the harvester was done through ADAMS. Results showed that the combination that the revolving speed of comb brush was 60~70r/min, the revolving speed of cam was 25~35r/min and the style of comb brush was Ⅱ, which was helpful to harvest L. barbarum. Three factors and three levels quadratic orthogonal revolving experiment was adopted to establish the mathematical model between the harvesting rate of ripe L. barbarum, harvesting rate of unripe L. barbarum, damage rate of ripe L. barbarum and revolving speed of comb brush, revolving speed of cam and style of comb brush. The influences of various factors on the harvesting rate of ripe L. barbarum, the harvesting rate of unripe L. barbarum and the damage rate of ripe L. barbarum were analyzed and the best combination was determined as the revolving speed of comb brush was 64.52r/min, the revolving speed of cam was 29.68r/min and the style of comb brush was Ⅱ. Field experiment results showed that the harvesting rate of ripe L. barbarum was 8912%, the harvesting rate of unripe L. barbarum was 5.87% and the damage rate of ripe L. barbarum was 6.24%. The research result provided a design basis for the later research of vibrating and comb brushing harvester for L. barbarum.

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陳軍,趙健,陳云,卜令昕,胡廣銳,張恩宇.振刷式枸杞采收機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)優(yōu)化[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2019,50(1):152-161. CHEN Jun, ZHAO Jian, CHEN Yun, BU Lingxin, HU Guangrui, ZHANG Enyu. Design and Experiment on Vibrating and Comb Brushing Harvester for Lycium barbarum[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(1):152-161.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-08-05
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-01-10
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