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小麥精量播種機(jī)排種高精度檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016YFD070030503,、2016YFD0700505)


Design and Experiment of Precision Detecting System for Wheat-planter Seeding Quantity
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    摘要:

    為實(shí)現(xiàn)小麥精量播種機(jī)播種量的精準(zhǔn)檢測(cè),基于電容傳感器設(shè)計(jì)了一套高精度小麥種子粒數(shù)檢測(cè)系統(tǒng),。研究了小麥種子以單粒形式下落和多粒同時(shí)下落兩種方式下的電容與小麥種子數(shù)目之間的關(guān)系,。對(duì)于小麥種子以單粒形式下落,,提出用差分動(dòng)態(tài)閾值法檢測(cè)小麥種子數(shù)目,,試驗(yàn)表明檢測(cè)的最大相對(duì)誤差為1.54%,;對(duì)于多粒小麥種子同時(shí)下落,,排種輪轉(zhuǎn)速從20r/min到55r/min,每增加5r/min,,分別建立小麥種子數(shù)目與電容積分值之間的最小二乘回歸模型,。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,根據(jù)實(shí)際轉(zhuǎn)速和速度最近原則選擇相應(yīng)的回歸模型,,該系統(tǒng)對(duì)不同的排種轉(zhuǎn)速均具有較高的檢測(cè)精度,,相對(duì)誤差介于-2.16%~2.23%之間。對(duì)于小麥精量播種機(jī)不同的排種模式或不同的排種速度,,所設(shè)計(jì)的排種檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)均有較高的檢測(cè)精度,。

    Abstract:

    The precision detection of wheatplanter seeding quantity is the key of the automation control and the foundation of realizing precise seeding. Currently, existing seeding detection methods mainly include photoelectricbased methods, imagebased methods and capacitancebased methods. For the photoelectricbased method, the detection accuracy of photoelectric sensor is affected by the vibration, light, temperature and other factors on the farmland. For the imagebased method, its high precision detection provides a new way to improve the performance of wheatplanter seeding. However, image processing technology requires special equipment with high cost, and cameras are easy to be interfered by external light. Consequently, it is difficult to be widely applied in the complex environment on the farmland. Compared with photoelectricbased and imagebased methods, the capacitancebased method is less affected by light and dust and thus has a strong environmental adaptability. Aimed at the problem of precision detection of wheatplanter seeding quantity, a precise detecting system for wheatplanter seeding quantity was developed based on the capacitance sensor. The corresponding parallel plates were designed to improve the detecting accuracy of the capacitance sensor. Then, the relationship between capacitance value and the quantity of wheat seeds under two modes of singleseed falling and severalseed falling was investigated in detail. For the mode of singleseed falling, a differential dynamic threshold method was proposed to detect the number of wheat seeds. The experiment results indicated that the maximum relative error was 1.54%. For the mode of severalseed falling, the least squares regression model between wheat seeds quantity and capacitance integral value was established at interval of 5r/min ranged from 20r/min to 55r/min. The experiment results showed that according to the principle of the actual speed and the closest speed to select the corresponding regression model,the system had high detection accuracy for different seeding speeds, and the relative error was between -2.16% and 2.23%. Consequently, the proposed system can achieve high detection accuracy under the different seeding modes and different seeding speeds.

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陳建國,李彥明,覃程錦,劉成良.小麥精量播種機(jī)排種高精度檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2019,50(1):66-74. CHEN Jianguo, LI Yanming, QIN Chengjin, LIU Chengliang. Design and Experiment of Precision Detecting System for Wheat-planter Seeding Quantity[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(1):66-74.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-07-23
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2019-01-10
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