0.05)。相同施氮量下常規(guī)灌溉模式20~40cm土層的NO-3 15N累積量較控制灌溉模式增長了10~11倍,;40~60cm土層的NO-3 15N累積量較控制灌溉模式增長了近3倍,。不同施氮量下稻作控制灌溉模式水稻成熟期氮素積累量中77.77%~84.51%來自于土壤氮素,,較常規(guī)灌溉提高了12.91%~23.12%,,且相同施氮量下稻作控制灌溉模式土壤氮素有效性“A”值較常規(guī)灌溉模式分別提高了9.41%,、5.65%和3.69%。與常規(guī)灌溉相比,不同施氮量下稻作控制灌溉模式可以有效提高稻田土壤氮素有效性,,減少肥料氮素的淋溶損失,起到節(jié)水減排的作用,,研究結(jié)果可為制定黑土區(qū)稻田合理的水氮調(diào)控措施提供參考,。"/>

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不同水氮調(diào)控模式對(duì)稻田土壤氮素分布與有效性的影響
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國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016YFC0400108)和國家自然科學(xué)基金面上項(xiàng)目(51779046)


Effects of Different Water and Nitrogen Regulation Models on Nitrogen Distribution and Availability in Paddy Soils
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    為了進(jìn)一步闡明寒地黑土區(qū)不同水氮調(diào)控模式對(duì)銨態(tài)氮、硝態(tài)氮在不同土層累積及土壤氮素有效性的影響,,以田間小區(qū)試驗(yàn)為基礎(chǔ),,結(jié)合15N示蹤微區(qū)試驗(yàn),,研究了不同水氮調(diào)控模式下土壤剖面的無機(jī)氮以及肥料氮素的NH+4 15N和NO-3 15N累積情況,,并根據(jù)同位素測(cè)定結(jié)果分別計(jì)算了土壤氮素有效性“A”值,從不同角度分析了不同水氮調(diào)控模式對(duì)土壤氮素有效性的影響,。研究結(jié)果表明:控制灌溉和常規(guī)灌溉兩種灌溉模式下土壤無機(jī)氮和以無機(jī)氮形態(tài)殘留的肥料氮素在土壤剖面的累積量均隨施氮量的增加而增大,,并隨土層深度的增加而減少。不同施氮量下稻作控制灌溉模式表層土壤(0~20cm)中無機(jī)氮和以無機(jī)氮形態(tài)殘留的肥料氮素的累積量均高于常規(guī)灌溉,,20~40cm和40~60cm土層的無機(jī)氮和NO-315N總累積量均低于常規(guī)灌溉,,兩種灌溉模式低施氮處理(N1、N2)下40~60cm土層中NH+4 15N的累積量差異不顯著(P>0.05),。相同施氮量下常規(guī)灌溉模式20~40cm土層的NO-3 15N累積量較控制灌溉模式增長了10~11倍,;40~60cm土層的NO-3 15N累積量較控制灌溉模式增長了近3倍。不同施氮量下稻作控制灌溉模式水稻成熟期氮素積累量中77.77%~84.51%來自于土壤氮素,,較常規(guī)灌溉提高了12.91%~23.12%,,且相同施氮量下稻作控制灌溉模式土壤氮素有效性“A”值較常規(guī)灌溉模式分別提高了9.41%、5.65%和3.69%,。與常規(guī)灌溉相比,,不同施氮量下稻作控制灌溉模式可以有效提高稻田土壤氮素有效性,減少肥料氮素的淋溶損失,,起到節(jié)水減排的作用,,研究結(jié)果可為制定黑土區(qū)稻田合理的水氮調(diào)控措施提供參考。

    Abstract:

    In order to further elucidate the effects of different water and nitrogen regulation models on the accumulation of ammonium and nitrate in different soil layers and the effectiveness of soil nitrogen in the black soil region of cold area, based on field plot experiment and 15N tracing microzone test, the inorganic nitrogen and NH+415N and NO-315N accumulations of nitrogen in soil profiles under different water and nitrogen regulation models were studied, and the effect of different water and nitrogen regulation models on soil nitrogen availability was calculated according to the results of isotopic determination. The results showed that the accumulation of soil inorganic nitrogen and fertilizer nitrogen with inorganic nitrogen form residue in the soil profile was increased with the increase of nitrogen application and decreased with the increase of soil depth in two irrigation modes under controlled irrigation and conventional irrigation. The accumulation of inorganic nitrogen and nitrogen in the form of inorganic nitrogen in surface soil (0~20cm) of paddycontrolled irrigation mode under different nitrogen application rates was higher than that of conventional irrigation. The total amount of inorganic nitrogen and NO-315N in 20~40cm and 40~60cm soil layers was lower than that of conventional irrigation, and the accumulation of NH+415N in 40~60cm soil layer under low nitrogen fertilization between two irrigation modes was not significant (P>0.05). The NO-315N accumulation of 20~40cm soil layer in conventional irrigation mode at the same nitrogen application rate was 10~11 times than that of controlled irrigation mode. The NO-315N accumulation of 40~60cm soil layer was nearly three times higher than that of control irrigation mode. Totally 77.77%~84.51% of the accumulation of nitrogen under ricecontrolled irrigation mode at different nitrogen application rates was from soil nitrogen, which was 12.91%~23.12% higher than that under conventional irrigation, and the “A” value expressing soil nitrogen availability in ricecontrolled irrigation mode under the same nitrogen application was increased by 9.41%, 5.65% and 3.69%, respectively. Compared with conventional irrigation, the ricecontrolled irrigation mode can effectively improve the nitrogen efficiency of paddy soil, reduce the leaching loss of fertilizer nitrogen, and play an important role in saving water and reducing emissions, and the research results can provide a reference for the formulation of reasonable water and nitrogen control measures in the black soil area.

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張忠學(xué),陳 鵬,聶堂哲,姜 浩,孟翔燕,楊軍明.不同水氮調(diào)控模式對(duì)稻田土壤氮素分布與有效性的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(11):210-219. ZHANG Zhongxue, CHEN Peng, NIE Tangzhe, JIANG Hao, MENG Xiangyan, YANG Junming. Effects of Different Water and Nitrogen Regulation Models on Nitrogen Distribution and Availability in Paddy Soils[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(11):210-219.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-03-30
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-11-10
  • 出版日期: 2018-11-10
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