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智能型規(guī)?;じ采w好氧堆肥系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(31771684),、國家奶牛產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系項(xiàng)目(CARS-36),、教育部創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)展計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(IRT1293)和國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2018YFD0800102)


Design and Test on Large-scale Semi-membrane-covered Compost System
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    摘要:

    設(shè)計(jì)了一種適用于規(guī)?;a(chǎn)的節(jié)能環(huán)保智能型膜覆蓋好氧堆肥系統(tǒng),,主要包括總控系統(tǒng),、風(fēng)控系統(tǒng),、傳感系統(tǒng)和覆膜系統(tǒng)。結(jié)合上述各系統(tǒng)的功能性需求,,進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)整體性設(shè)計(jì),、功能模塊獨(dú)立設(shè)計(jì)選型,該系統(tǒng)可實(shí)現(xiàn)堆肥關(guān)鍵參數(shù)的高精度實(shí)時監(jiān)測,、通風(fēng)供氧的靈活智能反饋控制,、多設(shè)備無線通訊等功能。利用該系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行規(guī)?;じ采w好氧堆肥性能試驗(yàn),,研究結(jié)果表明:整個堆肥過程高溫時段滿足糞便無害化處理需求,堆體氧濃度維持在適宜水平,,覆膜工藝下可確保堆體發(fā)酵狀況良好,。從所監(jiān)測的流量、頻率,、溫度,、壓力、氧濃度等多元參數(shù)和總體性能來看,,與傳統(tǒng)技術(shù)模式相比,,該系統(tǒng)智能化程度顯著提升,,生產(chǎn)能耗和氣體產(chǎn)排顯著降低

    Abstract:

    Based on the actual production and scientific research needs of semi-membrane-covered aerobic composting, a kind of energy-saving, environmentally friendly and intelligent semi-membrane covered aerobic composting system was designed, including a master control system, ventilation control system, sensor system and membrane sealing system. Based on the system functional requirements above, the work of designing holistic system, selection of function modules and independent design of each modules was done, specifically including: component selection and structure design of the master control system and ventilation control system, selection of sensors and establishment of monitoring methods, determination of communication methods, design of expansion module, selection of semi-membrane and an establishment of seal fixation solutions for membranes and compost pile and ventilation control program programming of membrane-covered compost system. Based on the above system modules, the device system can realize high-precision real-time monitoring and display of key parameters for composting, flexible and intelligent feedback control of ventilation and oxygen supply, and multi-device wireless communication and other functions. The China’s conventional trough composting model was selected as the composting infrastructure. The performance of aerobic composting with membrane covering was studied by using cow manure from surrounding dairy farms and corn stalks in the planting area as the main compost material. The results showed that during the entire composting process, the maximum temperature of the body exceeded 70℃ and the duration of high temperature met the requirements for the harmless treatment of manure. The oxygen concentration was maintained at a suitable level (higher than 5%), and the whole aerobic fermentation of the whole body under the film coating process was in good condition. From the actual conditions of the flow rate, frequency, temperature, pressure and oxygen concentration parameters monitored by the system and the realization effect of each functional module, each module of the system operated basically well and can basically realize the data of temperature, pressure, flow rate and frequency. The real-time acquisition, display and export functions enabled the local area network wireless communication functions of the total control system, the wind control system, and the PC, and can realize the function of intelligent feedback mode to adjust the ventilation mode. In general, the research and design of this equipment had a positive effect on the intelligence and greenness of China’s aerobic composting equipment, but the system still needed to be further upgraded to meet the actual production needs of membrane-covered aerobic compost.

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孫曉曦,崔儒秀,馬雙雙,韓魯佳,黃光群.智能型規(guī)模化膜覆蓋好氧堆肥系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(10):356-362. SUN Xiaoxi, CUI Ruxiu, MA Shuangshuang, HAN Lujia, HUANG Guangqun. Design and Test on Large-scale Semi-membrane-covered Compost System[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(10):356-362.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-07-10
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-10-10
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