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基于PWM技術(shù)的平移式變量噴灌機(jī)噴頭流量分配方法
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2017YFD0700504-2)


Sprinkler Flow Rate Distribution Method in Lateral Moving Variable Rate Irrigation System Based on PWM
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    摘要:

    大型平移式噴灌機(jī)采用脈沖寬度調(diào)制(Pulse width modulation, PWM)技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)變量灌溉作業(yè),因噴頭間噴灑區(qū)域相互重疊,,由地塊管理區(qū)的設(shè)計(jì)處方值求解單噴頭流量較為困難,。首先根據(jù)Nelson R3000型單噴頭噴灑特性,,得到平移式噴灌機(jī)沿桁架方向的一維疊加水量分布特性,,以及平移運(yùn)動(dòng)后的二維疊加水量分布特性,,分析確定了由4個(gè)噴頭重疊噴灑控制一個(gè)管理區(qū),,并得到噴頭區(qū)域噴灑分配率,,在此基礎(chǔ)上提出了按處方值進(jìn)行噴頭流量分配的加權(quán)均分法和基于遺傳算法(Genetic algorithm, GA)的分配法,。通過(guò)管理區(qū)噴灑誤差分析得出,,當(dāng)相鄰處方值變化幅度不超過(guò)最大處方值的33%時(shí),精度可以達(dá)到5%,。為了彌補(bǔ)GA法導(dǎo)致噴灑均勻性下降的不足,,將加權(quán)均分法和GA法組合應(yīng)用,有效降低了處方值突變帶來(lái)的噴灑誤差,,同時(shí)保證了處方值變化較小區(qū)域的噴灑均勻性,。本文方法可以擴(kuò)展到4個(gè)以上噴頭重疊噴灑控制一個(gè)管理區(qū)的應(yīng)用場(chǎng)合。

    Abstract:

    During the variable rate irrigation operation of large-sized lateral moving irrigation system based on pulse width modulation (PWM) technique, it is quite difficult to solve the flow rate of each sprinkler from the designed prescriptions of management zones because the spraying areas of sprinklers will overlap with each other. At the beginning, the overlapped water distribution in lateral direction, and the two-dimensional contour plot of overlapped water distribution were gotten based on the feature of single sprinkler water distribution of Nelson R3000. Then four sprinklers were determined to control a management zone and the water distribution rate of spraying area was solved. And on this basis a weighted average method and a genetic algorithm (GA) method based on genetic algorithm were proposed to perform sprinkler flow rate distribution according to the prescription. It was found that the solution accuracy can reach 5% when the change between adjacent prescriptions was less than 33% of the maximum prescription by analyzing the irrigation error in management zone. In order to make up for the reduction of irrigation uniformity caused by GA method, a combined method of weighted average method and GA method was put forward. Related examples had showed that the irrigation error caused by the saltation of adjacent prescriptions can be reduced by the combined method effectively and the irrigation uniformity of management zones where prescriptions changed little can also be guaranteed at the same time. By changing the mapping relationship between sprinkler flow rate and actual irrigation volume in each management zone, this method can be extended to more than four sprinklers controlling a management zone.

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莫錦秋,周志宇,陶帥,李彥明.基于PWM技術(shù)的平移式變量噴灌機(jī)噴頭流量分配方法[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(10):163-171. MO Jinqiu, ZHOU Zhiyu, TAO Shuai, LI Yanming. Sprinkler Flow Rate Distribution Method in Lateral Moving Variable Rate Irrigation System Based on PWM[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(10):163-171.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-07-04
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  • 在線(xiàn)發(fā)布日期: 2018-10-10
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