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仿蛇嘴咬合式柑橘采摘末端執(zhí)行器設計與實驗
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重慶市重點產業(yè)共性關鍵技術創(chuàng)新專項(cstc2015zdcy-ztzx70003)、重慶市基礎研究與前沿探索(一般)項目(cstc2018jcyjAX0071)和重慶市基礎科學與前沿技術研究一般項目(cstc2016jcyjA0444)


Design and Experiment of Bite-model End-effector for Citrus Harvesting by Simulating with Mouth of Snake
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    摘要:

    提出了通過改進采摘機器人的末端執(zhí)行器來實現未知柑橘果柄空間方位的柑橘采摘,,以提高采摘機器人的采摘能力,。對柑橘果柄生長情況進行了調研,,定義了果柄傾角并進行了統計,,對果柄極限位置的剪切要求進行了分析并得出了末端執(zhí)行器的設計要求,。根據蛇的咬合動作和蛇嘴骨骼的特殊結構,,通過仿照蛇嘴結構設計咬合式末端執(zhí)行器能夠滿足設計要求,。對蛇頭骨骼結構進行了簡化,提出了兩種設計思路,,并據此分別設計了兩種機構的初步模型,,經過運動學分析確定了較優(yōu)方案,并對初步模型進行了優(yōu)化,,確定了末端執(zhí)行器的三維模型,。根據三維模型建立了末端執(zhí)行器的運動學模型,并進行了運動學分析和仿真,,保證了機構設計合理,。制造了咬合式末端執(zhí)行器樣機并通過課題組自行研制的柑橘采摘機器人進行了實驗室環(huán)境和自然環(huán)境的實驗驗證。實驗結果表明,,在實驗室環(huán)境下,,果柄傾角為0°,、氣壓為0.6MPa,、果柄直徑不超過4.0mm條件下的切斷成功率不小于95%,不同果柄傾角的總體切斷成功率為97.5%,;在室外環(huán)境下,,收獲柑橘的總成功率為87.5%,基本實現了未知果柄空間方位下對柑橘的采摘,。

    Abstract:

    Aiming to improve the picking ability of the harvesting robot, a bite-model end-effector for citrus was designed. The design requirements of the end-effector were obtained by first investigation of the growth of citrus stem, the inclination of the stem and doing statistics was defined, and the shearing requirements of the stem extreme position was lastly analyzed. That the design of the bite-model end-effector can meet the design requirements by simulating the snake mouth structure which followed the snake’s biting action and the special structure of the snake’s mouth bones. Two design ideas were proposed by simplifying the structure of the snakehead skeleton. Based on this, the initial model of the two kinds of mechanism was designed respectively. After the preliminary kinematics analysis, the optimal scheme was determined and the initial model was optimized, and the three-dimensional model of the end-effector was determined. According to the three-dimensional model, the kinematics model of the end-effector was established, and the kinematics analysis and simulation were carried out to ensure the reasonable design of the mechanism. A bite-model end-effector prototype was manufactured, and then it was verified by the citrus harvesting robot developed by the research group in laboratory and outdoor environment. In laboratory environment, the experimental results showed that the cutting success rate was not less than 95% under the condition that the air pressure was 0.6MPa, the inclination of the stem was 0°, the stem diameter was no more than 4.0mm, and the overall cutting success rate for different stem inclinations was 97.5%. The total success rate of harvesting citrus in the outdoor environment was 87.5%.

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王毅,許洪斌,張茂,馬冀桐,劉波,何宇.仿蛇嘴咬合式柑橘采摘末端執(zhí)行器設計與實驗[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2018,49(10):54-64. WANG Yi, XU Hongbin, ZHANG Mao, MA Jitong, LIU Bo, HE Yu. Design and Experiment of Bite-model End-effector for Citrus Harvesting by Simulating with Mouth of Snake[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(10):54-64.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-04-23
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-10-10
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