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酶種類對生物解離大豆蛋白酶解物功能性和苦味的影響
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國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016YFD0401402)和中國博士后科學(xué)基金特別項(xiàng)目(2017T100507)


Effect of Enzymatic Species on Function and Bitterness of Enzyme-assisted Aqueous Extraction Soybean Protein Hydrolysates
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    摘要:

    在生物解離提取大豆油脂過程中會伴隨產(chǎn)生豐富的水解液,水解液主要成分為大豆蛋白酶解物。以不同種類蛋白酶(堿性蛋白酶,、中性蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶,、菠蘿蛋白酶、風(fēng)味蛋白酶,、復(fù)合蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶)對擠壓膨化大豆粉進(jìn)行酶解,,將得到的不同蛋白酶解物作為研究對象,采用水解度,、SDS-PAGE凝膠電泳,、氨基酸組成分析、傅里葉紅外光譜對大豆蛋白酶解物結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行表征,,利用乳化活性和乳化穩(wěn)定性,、溶解性及感官評價(jià)等表征大豆蛋白酶解物功能性和苦味。結(jié)果顯示:采用堿性蛋白酶進(jìn)行生物解離時,,提油率最高,,為91.23%;堿性蛋白酶解物溶解性為91.12%,,但是酶解產(chǎn)物的苦味值大大增加,,乳化性也不理想。采用風(fēng)味蛋白酶處理時,,盡管提油率不是最高,,為87.73%,但是酶解產(chǎn)物苦味值為1.5,,溶解性為87.12%,,乳化活性和乳化穩(wěn)定性效果最優(yōu),。

    Abstract:

    Enzyme-assisted aqueous extraction process is a green oil extraction technology,which has advanced in recent years, may be a effective alternative technology to separate oil and protein from soybeans. It will be accompanied by cream, skim and residual fraction in the enzymeassisted aqueous extraction process.The main component in the skim is soy protein hydrolysates. Different types of proteases (Alcalase, Neutrase, Papain, Bromelain, Flavourzyme, Protamex and Trypsin) were used to hydrolyze the extruded soybean flour. Different kinds of protein hydrolysates were used as the research objects. The structure of soybean protein hydrolysates was characterized by degree of hydrolysis, SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, amino acid composition analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Solubility, emulsion activity index and emulsion stability index characterized the functional of the soy protein hydrolysates. The bitterness value of the soy protein hydrolysates was obtained by sensory evaluation. The results indicated that when using Alcalase for enzymeassisted aqueous extraction, the highest oil extraction rate was 91.23% and the solubility of soybean protein hydrolyzate was 91.12%. However, the bitterness value of the hydrolyzate was increased greatly which was 4, the emulsion activity index and emulsion stability index were not good. When using Flavourzyme for enzymeassisted aqueous extraction treatment, the oil extraction was 87.73% and the solubility was 87.12%. However, the bitterness of the hydrolyzates was only 1.5, thus the sensory evaluation was the best. And the hydrolyzates had the best emulsion activity index and emulsion stability index.

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江連洲,佟曉紅,劉寶華,王歡,張巧智,李楊.酶種類對生物解離大豆蛋白酶解物功能性和苦味的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(8):368-374. JIANG Lianzhou, TONG Xiaohong, LIU Baohua, WANG Huan, ZHANG Qiaozhi, LI Yang. Effect of Enzymatic Species on Function and Bitterness of Enzyme-assisted Aqueous Extraction Soybean Protein Hydrolysates[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(8):368-374.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-02-06
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-08-10
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