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地表滴灌條件下土壤濕潤(rùn)體運(yùn)移量化表征
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016YFC040106-3)和國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51679234)


Quantification of Soil Wetted Volume Development under Surface Drip Irrigation
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    摘要:

    基于非飽和土壤水分運(yùn)動(dòng)的Richards方程,,采用HYDRUS-2D/3D模擬軟件對(duì)11種典型土質(zhì)(美國(guó)制土壤質(zhì)地分類(lèi)系統(tǒng))中滴灌濕潤(rùn)體的運(yùn)動(dòng)過(guò)程進(jìn)行了數(shù)值模擬。結(jié)果表明,,濕潤(rùn)體平均含水率的增量與滴灌流量正相關(guān),,與飽和導(dǎo)水率負(fù)相關(guān),;濕潤(rùn)體垂向遷移距離與滴頭流量、飽和導(dǎo)水率和時(shí)間呈冪函數(shù)關(guān)系,;濕潤(rùn)體徑向遷移距離可用滴頭流量,、平均含水率的增量、垂向遷移距離和時(shí)間來(lái)定量表征,。據(jù)此建立了描述不同土質(zhì)中濕潤(rùn)體動(dòng)態(tài)變化規(guī)律的經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式,,通過(guò)與數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果、文獻(xiàn)試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)等進(jìn)行對(duì)比,,表明此經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式對(duì)不同土質(zhì)中濕潤(rùn)體運(yùn)移規(guī)律的預(yù)測(cè)效果較好,,可為農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中地表滴灌設(shè)計(jì)提供簡(jiǎn)便實(shí)用的計(jì)算工具。

    Abstract:

    Understanding the behavior of soil wetted volume evolution in drip irrigation is essential for improving agricultural water use efficiency and realizing precision irrigation. Based on the Richard equation for water movement in unsaturated soil, the HYDRUS-2D/3D model was used to numerically simulate the soil wetting pattern in 11 kinds of typical soils (USST). Results showed that soil water content increment in wetted volume was in a positive correlation with the dripper discharge rate, and in a negative correlation with the saturated soil hydraulic conductivity. The advancement of vertical wetting front can be quantified by the selected influencing factors, i.e., the dripper discharge, saturated hydraulic conductivity and irrigation time. The horizontal wetting front can be expressed by the dripper discharge, soil water content increment in wetted volume, vertical wetting front and irrigation time. Then two empirical equations were formulated to describe the development of soil wetted volume under different dripper discharge, saturated hydraulic conductivity and irrigation time. By comparing with the numerical simulation results and the experimental data from literatures, it showed that the empirical formulas were reliable for predicting the migration of soil water in drip irrigation for different kinds of soil textures and managing to be a convenient and practical tool for the design of surface drip irrigation in agricultural activity.

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陳帥,毛曉敏.地表滴灌條件下土壤濕潤(rùn)體運(yùn)移量化表征[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(8):285-292. CHEN Shuai, MAO Xiaomin. Quantification of Soil Wetted Volume Development under Surface Drip Irrigation[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(8):285-292.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-02-12
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-08-10
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