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基于無人機(jī)影像的采煤沉陷區(qū)玉米生物量反演與分析
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(41401609),、山東省重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016ZDJS11A02)和中央高校基本科研業(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專項(xiàng)資金項(xiàng)目(ZJUGG201801)


Inversion and Analysis of Maize Biomass in Coal Mining Subsidence Area Based on UAV Images
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    摘要:

    為了探索運(yùn)用無人機(jī)多光譜遙感技術(shù)監(jiān)測(cè)高潛水位礦區(qū)采煤擾動(dòng)下原有生態(tài)系統(tǒng)破壞及地表耕地?fù)p毀程度的方法,,以高潛水位礦區(qū)開采沉陷導(dǎo)致地面積水所引起的農(nóng)作物漬害影響為例,基于無人機(jī)多光譜影像,在傳統(tǒng)植被指數(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上引入紅邊波段進(jìn)行擴(kuò)展,優(yōu)選了22種植被指數(shù),,結(jié)合田間同步實(shí)測(cè)生物量數(shù)據(jù),, 采用經(jīng)驗(yàn)?zāi)P头ǚ謩e構(gòu)建了一元回歸,、基于最小二乘法的多元逐步回歸(Multivariable linear regression,,MLR),、反向傳播神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)(Back propagation neural networks, BPNN)的生物量反演模型, 通過決定系數(shù)(R2),、均方根誤差(RMSE)和估測(cè)精度(EA)3個(gè)指標(biāo)篩選出最佳模型。最后,,基于最佳模型進(jìn)行研究區(qū)玉米生物量的空間分布反演和分析,,結(jié)果顯示,所選的植被指數(shù)均與生物量顯著相關(guān),,其中,,BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型的估算精度最高,其決定系數(shù)R2為0.83,,比其他模型增加了0.10~0.17,,預(yù)測(cè)均方根誤差RMSE為178.72g/m2,比其他模型減少了29.65~60.23g/m2,估測(cè)精度EA可達(dá)到79.4%,,比其他模型提高了3.3%~7.1%,。這說明紅邊波段更適于采煤沉陷區(qū)作物生物量的估算,引入紅邊波段構(gòu)建生物量反演模型,,可以顯著提高采煤沉陷影響下玉米生物量無人機(jī)遙感反演模型的精度,。研究結(jié)果表明:采煤沉陷盆地內(nèi)玉米生物量主要分布于592~1050g/m2,其面積占研究區(qū)的74.4%,,地表生物量低于352g/m2的作物面積達(dá)到14.1%,,玉米整體長勢(shì)受采煤擾動(dòng)影響較為嚴(yán)重,玉米生物量呈現(xiàn)從沉陷盆地邊緣往中心逐漸降低的趨勢(shì),。本文研究為同類型其他高潛水位礦區(qū)土地?fù)p毀監(jiān)測(cè)與評(píng)價(jià),、土地復(fù)墾與生態(tài)修復(fù)等提供基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)與理論支撐。

    Abstract:

    The surface arable land damage and destruction of the original ecosystem caused by the influence of coal mining disturbance are the major ecological disasters in the high underground water mining area. Identifying an arable-damaged area and obtaining its spatial distribution are important for ecological disaster monitoring. The influence of crop waterlogging caused by mining subsidence in high underground water mining areas was taken as an example, and based on the UAV multi-spectral images, the red band was introduced on the basis of traditional vegetation index to expand, which allowed to select the best 22 VI. Univariate regression, multivariable linear regression (MLR) based on the principle of least square method and back propagation neural networks (BPNN) were built accordingly by using the 22 VI along with field measurements of biomass data under the empirical modeling method. There were three indices should be taken into account to determine the optimal model, which were coefficient of determination (R2), root mean square error (RMSE) and estimation accuracy (EA). The spatial distribution inversion and analysis of maize biomass were undertaken in the study area by using the selected optimal model. It was concluded that the selected vegetation index was significantly related to biomass. And the highest estimation accuracy was obtained by using BP model. The value of R2 was 0.83 accordingly, which was generally increased by 0.10~ 0.17. The value of predicted root mean square error (RMSE) was 178.72g/m2, which was generally reduced by 29.65~60.23g/m2. The estimation accuracy (EA) could eventually reach 79.4%, which was increased by 3.3% ~ 7.1%. It can be concluded that the red edge band was more suited to the estimation of crop biomass in the mining subsidence area. Furthermore, the accuracy rate of the inversion model under the influence of coal mining subsidence could be increased dramatically by introducing red edge band to the construction of biomass inversion model. The research showed that the maize biomass in the coal mining subsidence basin was concentrated between an interval of 592 ~ 1050g/m2, which accounted for 74.4% of the total area. There was 14.1% of the crop acreage which represented those above ground biomass below 352g/m2. The overall growth of maize was severely affected by coal mining. There was a trend of maize biomass which was generally decreased from the basin margin to its centre. The research result can be used as an indicator to monitor and evaluate damaged ground in high underground water mining area, and it can also provide fundamental data and theory support for land rehabilitation and ecological restoration.

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肖武,陳佳樂,笪宏志,任河,張建勇,張雷.基于無人機(jī)影像的采煤沉陷區(qū)玉米生物量反演與分析[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(8):169-180. XIAO Wu, CHEN Jiale, DA Hongzhi, REN He, ZHANG Jianyong, ZHANG Lei. Inversion and Analysis of Maize Biomass in Coal Mining Subsidence Area Based on UAV Images[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(8):169-180.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-05-26
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-08-10
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