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基于TRIZ理論的紅花絲盲采裝置設(shè)計與試驗
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新疆生產(chǎn)建設(shè)兵團(tuán)科技攻關(guān)項目(2015AB020)


Design of Safflower Filament Picking Device Based on TRIZ Theory
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    摘要:

    針對紅花花球分布層次不齊造成機械采收效率低等問題,,設(shè)計一種紅花絲盲采裝置。通過分析人工手采摘紅花絲的過程,,利用TRIZ理論,,建立紅花絲采摘的物質(zhì)-場模型,得出紅花絲最佳采摘方案為利用采摘齒與紅花絲碰撞的盲采,。采用凸輪機構(gòu)作為紅花絲采摘的驅(qū)動機構(gòu),,利用TRIZ理論的沖突矩陣對應(yīng)的發(fā)明原理,對凸輪機構(gòu)的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行改進(jìn),,使凸輪機構(gòu)完成紅花絲的夾緊與拉拔兩個驅(qū)動,。設(shè)計了一種新的弧形采摘齒,解決了紅花絲漏采難題,。利用Creo軟件建立紅花絲盲采裝置的三維模型,,并研制樣機進(jìn)行試驗,試驗結(jié)果表明,,當(dāng)該裝置前進(jìn)速度為0.5m/s,,采摘齒轉(zhuǎn)速大于6r/s時,紅花絲的采摘效果最佳,,采凈率約為90%,。

    Abstract:

    To improve picking efficiency of safflower filament harvesting device, a safflower filament harvesting device was developed based on TRIZ theory, which can pick safflower filament without the machine vision, called as safflower filament blind harvesting device. Through analyzing the whole process that people pick safflower filaments, the substancefield models of picking safflower filaments were built to guide how to design safflower filament picking device. The optimized picking method, as a result, was created according to that substancefield. This process existed that as they were moved without looking at safflower filament, two personal fingers were continuously opened and closed to pick safflower filament. Therefore, the probability that safflower filaments were picked without machine vision was very big. Through the above study, the safflower filament blind picking method was feasible. Force of personal fingers picking safflower filaments was flexible, so that the cam and spring mechanism were chosen as drive mechanism of the safflower filaments picking device to imitate soft drive system of personal finger picking safflower filaments. A general cam and spring mechanism only had an moving action along the one direction, however, there were necessary two actions to achieve the function of safflower filaments picking, which were clamping action and drawing action. Hence, a general cam and spring mechanism cannot satisfy the safflower filaments picking requirements. To solve that problem, the useful functions and harmful functions of a general cam mechanism were parameterized based on thirtynine engineering parameters of TRIZ theory, and some principles to solve the problem were gained from the conflict matrix. The dynamic principle and reverse principle from the principles gained were applied to solve the above question. Finally, the existed cam structure can be changed, so that a new cam structure that the pushing bar rotates around the outline of the still cam can be created to simplify the structural complexity safflower filaments picking device. Through analyzing kinetic characteristics of safflower filaments picking device, it took some time that the pushing bar passes the return curve, resulting in that safflower filaments cannot be clamped quickly, making the picking ratio very low. To solve the difficulty of low picking efficiency, the arc shape picking finger shape was developed, filling in the gap of the time spending on clamping picking fingers and improving safflower filaments picking efficiency. Through the kinematical simulation of the safflower filament device, it was successive that the curves simulated the picking finger speed and acceleration, indicating that kinematical characteristics of the safflower filament device were suitable. The physical prototype of the safflower filament device was manufactured, and the picking performance of the safflower filament device was tested. The experiment results showed that picking ratio was about 90%, so that the device can meet picking requirements.

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曹衛(wèi)彬,焦灝博,劉姣娣,楊雙平,陳棒棒,孫胃嶺.基于TRIZ理論的紅花絲盲采裝置設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2018,49(8):76-82. CAO Weibin, JIAO Haobo, LIU Jiaodi, YANG Shuangping, CHEN Bangbang, SUN Weiling. Design of Safflower Filament Picking Device Based on TRIZ Theory[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(8):76-82.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-03-07
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-08-10
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