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基于GPS測速的電驅(qū)式玉米精量播種機控制系統(tǒng)
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2017YFD0700703)


Control System of Motor-driving Maize Precision Planter Based on GPS Speed Measurement
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    摘要:

    傳統(tǒng)玉米精量播種機多采用地輪,、鏈條驅(qū)動排種器,高速作業(yè)時因地輪打滑、鏈條跳動易造成播種粒距增大,、粒距均勻性下降等問題,,難以保證播種質(zhì)量,。針對這一問題,,設(shè)計了基于GPS測速的電驅(qū)式玉米精量播種機控制系統(tǒng),,該系統(tǒng)以STM32為主控制器,,采用Android手機終端設(shè)置播種株距,、排種盤型孔數(shù)等作業(yè)參數(shù),采用GPS接收器采集拖拉機的前進速度,,根據(jù)GPS提供的速度信息實時調(diào)節(jié)排種器轉(zhuǎn)速,,從而實現(xiàn)排種器轉(zhuǎn)速與拖拉機前進速度的實時匹配。為了檢測該系統(tǒng)的性能,,以編碼器測速方式為對照,,進行了3種株距(18、22,、25cm),、5種作業(yè)速度(4、6,、8,、10、12km/h)下的對比試驗,。試驗結(jié)果表明,,在相同株距、相同作業(yè)速度下,,GPS測速方式的變異系數(shù)小于編碼器測速方式,,且GPS測速方式的播種粒距合格指數(shù)和變異系數(shù)受作業(yè)速度的影響更小。在低速4km/h時,,GPS測速方式的平均合格指數(shù)比編碼器測速方式低5.39個百分點,;作業(yè)速度6~10km/h時,,GPS測速方式的平均合格指數(shù)比編碼器測速方式高7.96個百分點;在高速12km/h時,,GPS測速方式的平均合格指數(shù)比編碼器測速方式高14.32個百分點,;表明GPS測速方式更適宜于高速作業(yè)工況。

    Abstract:

    Traditional precision maize planters mostly use land wheel to drive or measure speed, the phenomenon of land wheel slippage and chain hopping is easy to occur under high-speed operation conditions, so it’s difficult to ensure the seeding quality. In allusion to the problems mentioned above, a control system of motor-driving maize precision planter based on GPS speed measurement was proposed. Different from traditional maize precision planters’ control system, in the new control system, STM32 was utilized as the MCU, Android-powered devices were adopted to set seeding parameters, GPS receivers were used to collect the tractor’s working speed, the rotational speed of motor would vary with the tractor’s working speed in real time, and then the sowing axis’ rotational speed would match the tractor’s working speed dynamically. To check up the performance of the new control system, the comparison test was carried out at three plant spacings of 18cm, 22cm and 25cm, and five speeds of 4km/h, 6km/h, 8km/h, 10km/h and 12km/h. The field experiment results demonstrated that distance variation coefficient of the control system based on GPS was less than control system based on encoder under the same experimental conditions, sowing qualified index and distance variation coefficient of the control system based on encoder was more predominantly affected by working speed than control system based on GPS. Under different plant spacing conditions, the average sowing qualified index of the control system based on GPS was 5.39 percentage points lower than that of the control system based on encoder while working speed was 4km/h. Increased working speed to 6~10km/h, the GPS mode was 7.96 percentage points higher than that of encoder mode. When the working speed was risen to 12km/h, the GPS mode was 14.32 percentage points higher than that of encoder mode.

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丁友強,楊麗,張東興,崔濤,和賢桃,鐘翔君.基于GPS測速的電驅(qū)式玉米精量播種機控制系統(tǒng)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2018,49(8):42-49. DING Youqiang, YANG Li, ZHANG Dongxing, CUI Tao, HE Xiantao, ZHONG Xiangjun. Control System of Motor-driving Maize Precision Planter Based on GPS Speed Measurement[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(8):42-49.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-04-18
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-08-10
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