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橫推流式連續(xù)干法厭氧發(fā)酵設(shè)備設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系專項(xiàng)資金項(xiàng)目(CARS-02)


Design and Start-up Test of Horizontal Plug-flow Dry Anaerobic Fermentation Equipment
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    摘要:

    我國干法厭氧發(fā)酵技術(shù)仍然處于試驗(yàn)示范階段,,尤其是連續(xù)式干法厭氧發(fā)酵技術(shù)仍停留在實(shí)驗(yàn)室小試階段,。針對(duì)上述問題,,基于螺旋輸送和真空負(fù)壓出料原理,,研究了橫推流式連續(xù)厭氧干法發(fā)酵裝置設(shè)計(jì)方法,,并試制1套有效容積180L的中試設(shè)備,。該平臺(tái)主要由螺旋進(jìn)料,、干法厭氧發(fā)酵,、負(fù)壓出料,、氣體凈化收集,、固液分離、在線控制等單元組成,。在牛糞與玉米秸稈干物質(zhì)混合質(zhì)量比為3∶1,、接種量30%,、混合原料總固形物質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)20%的條件下,分3個(gè)階段啟動(dòng)和調(diào)試中試平臺(tái),,整個(gè)調(diào)試過程共持續(xù)103d,。第1階段,反應(yīng)器在室溫下運(yùn)行33d,,平均容積產(chǎn)氣率為0.17m3/(m3·d),;第2階段,提升反應(yīng)器溫度至中溫38℃,,反應(yīng)器平均容積產(chǎn)氣率升至0.25m3/(m3·d)左右,,但pH值有明顯降低,且沼氣中甲烷含量降低,;反應(yīng)器運(yùn)行68d后進(jìn)入第3階段,,通過添加沼液提高接種量,之后反應(yīng)器的容積產(chǎn)氣率快速升高,,最高可達(dá)0.58m3/(m3·d),,此階段中試裝置平均容積產(chǎn)氣率為0.48m3/(m3·d),甲烷質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)穩(wěn)定在56%左右,,混合原料的干物質(zhì)降解率達(dá)到48%以上,。結(jié)果表明,該橫推流式連續(xù)厭氧干法發(fā)酵平臺(tái)可實(shí)現(xiàn)固體物料的連續(xù)進(jìn)出料和穩(wěn)定連續(xù)產(chǎn)氣,,達(dá)到了設(shè)計(jì)要求,。

    Abstract:

    At present, the dry anaerobic fermentation technique is still not applied widely among biogas plants in China. Especially, there are few reports on dry fermentation techniques employed in biogas plants. Aimed to this situation, a design method of horizontal plugflow dry anaerobic fermentation equipment was developed, which employed a screw convey for continuous inlet and a vacuum device for outlet. Based on this method, a pilot scale equipment was developed with an effective volume of 180L. The equipment consisted of screw convey, dry anaerobic fermentation reactor, vacuum pump for discharge, gas purification reactor and solidliquid separation device. All the above devices were online controlled with a computer. The pilot equipment was started up using mixture of cow dung and corn straw with a mixing ratio of 3∶1 (dry matter ratio), the inoculums accounted a proportion of 30% in inlet raw materials and the initial total solid content was 20%. The whole startup (103d) could be divided into three stages. During stage I, the reactor was operated at room temperature, the average biogas producing rate for the reactor was 0.17m3/(m3·d). After 68 d of running, the reactor temperature was raised to 38℃, and then the average biogas producing rate was risen to 0.25m3/(m3·d), with a decrease of methane content. Meanwhile, the pH value was decreased significantly. After 70d of running, the inoculation was increased to 50% by adding biogas slurry. After that the biogas production rate of the reactor was increased rapidly and reached the highest point of 0.58m3/(m3·d). The average biogas production rate was around 0.48m3/(m3·d), and methane content was stable at about 56%. At the end of the start-up, the dry matter degradation rate of raw materials reached more than 48%. The performance of the reactor during start-up suggested that the equipment could run normally, which meet the design requirement.

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馮晶,胡鑫,趙立欣,郭占斌,姚宗路,羅娟.橫推流式連續(xù)干法厭氧發(fā)酵設(shè)備設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(7):319-325. FENG Jing, HU Xin, ZHAO Lixin, GUO Zhanbin, YAO Zonglu, LUO Juan. Design and Start-up Test of Horizontal Plug-flow Dry Anaerobic Fermentation Equipment[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(7):319-325.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-01-25
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-07-10
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