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玉米秸稈復(fù)配基質(zhì)對(duì)黃瓜幼苗生長發(fā)育的影響
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公益性行業(yè)(農(nóng)業(yè))科研專項(xiàng)資金項(xiàng)目(201503137)


Effect of Corn Stalk Compound Substrate on Cucumber Seedling Growth
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    摘要:

    為探索玉米秸稈替代傳統(tǒng)基質(zhì)草炭的可行性,以“中農(nóng)19號(hào)”黃瓜為供試材料,將玉米秸稈、草炭,、沼渣,、蛭石,、珍珠巖等按不同體積比混配制成育苗基質(zhì),。通過電鏡掃描和能譜分析對(duì)玉米秸稈和草炭的形貌特征及元素組成進(jìn)行分析比較,,并進(jìn)行穴盤育苗試驗(yàn),,研究玉米秸稈對(duì)基質(zhì)理化性質(zhì)和黃瓜幼苗生長的影響,。結(jié)果表明:添加玉米秸稈對(duì)基質(zhì)的容重、總孔隙度,、有機(jī)質(zhì)含量,、pH值和電導(dǎo)率EC等理化性質(zhì)有改善作用;將玉米秸稈按照適宜的體積配比代替草炭和沼渣育苗時(shí),,對(duì)黃瓜幼苗的生長發(fā)育有促進(jìn)作用,。試驗(yàn)表明,與對(duì)照組CK1(草炭25%,、沼渣25%,、珍珠巖25%,、蛭石25%)相比,T1(秸稈10%,、草炭20%,、沼渣20%、珍珠巖25%,、蛭石25%)和T2(秸稈20%,、草炭15%、沼渣15%,、珍珠巖25%,、蛭石25%)更適宜作物生長,種子萌發(fā)40d時(shí),,T1組黃瓜幼苗的株高為(8.61±0.34)cm,、莖粗為(4.34±0.27)mm、葉綠素相對(duì)含量為(37.40±2.15)SPAD,、葉面積為(60.21±1.69)cm2,、根系活力為(118.306±30.611)TTFμg/(g·h),均顯著高于對(duì)照組CK1,。因此,,玉米秸稈對(duì)黃瓜幼苗的生長具有一定的促進(jìn)作用,可代替部分草炭用于育苗基質(zhì)的配制,。

    Abstract:

    In order to explore the feasibility of replacing nonrenewable peat with corn straw in traditional substrate, the cucumber varieties “Zhongnong 19” was used as the test material, and cornstalk, peat, biogas residue, vermiculite, perlite and so on were mixed according to different volume ratios to make seedling substrate. The morphology and element composition of straw and peat were analyzed and compared by electron microscope scanning and energy spectrum analysis, the effects of corn straw on the physicochemical properties of substrate and the growth of cucumber plug seedlings were investigated. Furthermore, a suitable compound substrate formula for cucumber seedling production was screened out. Twelve different substrates were tested, including a mixture of 25% peat, 25% biogas residue, 25% vermiculite and 25% perlite (CK1);100% corn straw (CK2);100% soil (CK3);a mixture of 10% corn straw, 20% peat, 20% biogas residue, 25% vermiculite and 25% perlite (T1);a mixture of 20% corn straw, 15% peat, 15% biogas residue, 25% vermiculite and 25% perlite (T2);a mixture of 30% corn straw,10% peat, 10% biogas residue, 25% vermiculite and 25% perlite (T3);a mixture of 40% corn straw, 5% peat, 5% biogas residue, 25% vermiculite and 25% perlite (T4);a mixture of 50% corn straw, 25% vermiculite and 25% perlite (T5);a mixture of 80% soil and 20% corn straw (T6);a mixture of 60% soil and 40% corn straw (T7);a mixture of 40% soil and 60% corn straw (T8);and a mixture of 20% soil and 80% corn straw (T9). The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. The effects of corn stalk on seedling emergence rate, plant height, stem diameter, leaf area and seedling biomass were analyzed as well as the physicochemical properties of different substrates, including bulk density, total porosity, organic matter, pH value and EC values. Corn straw can be used as a suitable volume ratio instead of peat and biogas residue to raise seedlings, which can promote the growth and development of cucumber seedlings. To a certain extent, the substrate recipes of treatments T1 and T2 could improve the quality of cucumber seedling. The growth index data of treatment T1 at 40d of seed germination are as follows: plant height was (8.61±0.34) cm, stem diameter was (4.34±0.27) mm, chlorophyll relative content was (37.40±2.15) SPAD, leaf area was (60.21±1.69) cm2, root activity was (118.306±30.611) TTFμg/(g·h), and the content of organic matter of cucumber seedlings in T1 was significantly higher than that of CK1. There was no significant difference in the growth index between T2 and CK , but the biomass of root of (100.53±2.71) TTFμg/(g·h) at T2 was significantly higher than that of CK1. Therefore, corn straw had a certain role in promoting the growth of seedlings, which can be used instead of peat for the nursery substrate configuration, but it was necessary to control the volume percentage of corn stalks within 20% in order to avoid inhibiting the growth of cucumber seedlings.

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王宇欣,孫倩倩,王平智,趙亞楠,李雪嫄.玉米秸稈復(fù)配基質(zhì)對(duì)黃瓜幼苗生長發(fā)育的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(7):286-295. WANG Yuxin, SUN Qianqian, WANG Pingzhi, ZHAO Ya’nan, LI Xueyuan. Effect of Corn Stalk Compound Substrate on Cucumber Seedling Growth[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(7):286-295.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-04-18
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-07-10
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