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水氮管理影響冬小麥品質(zhì)的CERES-Wheat模型模擬
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國(guó)家高技術(shù)研究發(fā)展計(jì)劃(863計(jì)劃)項(xiàng)目(2013AA102904),、中央高?;究蒲袠I(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專項(xiàng)資金項(xiàng)目(QN2009087)和高等學(xué)校學(xué)科創(chuàng)新引智計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(B12007)


Effect of Irrigation and Nitrogen Fertilizer Managements on Winter Wheat Quality Based on CERES-Wheat Model
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    摘要:

    評(píng)估CERES-Wheat對(duì)不同水氮管理的響應(yīng),,模擬不同水氮管理對(duì)冬小麥品質(zhì)和產(chǎn)量的影響,篩選優(yōu)質(zhì)高產(chǎn)的水氮管理,,優(yōu)化冬小麥農(nóng)田管理措施。首先利用關(guān)中地區(qū)2014—2016年2季冬小麥試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù),,對(duì)CERES-Wheat進(jìn)行校準(zhǔn)和驗(yàn)證,,并評(píng)估其模擬籽粒蛋白質(zhì)濃度和產(chǎn)量的精度。應(yīng)用CERES-Wheat模擬51a(1966—2016)歷史氣象數(shù)據(jù)下不同水氮管理的冬小麥生長(zhǎng)情況,,以籽粒蛋白質(zhì)濃度和產(chǎn)量為主要篩選目標(biāo)優(yōu)化水氮管理,。結(jié)果表明,CERES-Wheat能夠較為精確地模擬冬小麥的生長(zhǎng)過(guò)程,,但籽粒和地上部生物量在嚴(yán)重氮脅迫條件下被低估,,籽粒蛋白質(zhì)濃度在低氮脅迫條件下被高估。籽粒蛋白質(zhì)濃度和產(chǎn)量對(duì)不同的水氮處理具有不同的響應(yīng),,但可以通過(guò)調(diào)整灌溉定額,、灌溉次數(shù)、灌溉時(shí)期和施氮量之間的耦合作用達(dá)到小麥提質(zhì)增效的目的,。越冬期灌溉120mm,,施氮量262.5kg/hm2的水氮管理最適合關(guān)中地區(qū)的氣候條件,可以同時(shí)實(shí)現(xiàn)優(yōu)質(zhì),、高產(chǎn),、穩(wěn)產(chǎn)。

    Abstract:

    Market shortage of high-quality wheat and lack of market competitiveness both exist in wheat production in China. The objective was to evaluate response of CERES-Wheat to different irrigation and nitrogen fertilization managements. Field experiments were conducted in the Guanzhong Plain of Shaanxi Provice during 2014—2016 for two wheat growing seasons. And its relevant outputs were used to estimate grain protein concentration (GPC). The CERES-Wheat was calibrated and evaluated with the experimental data. CERES-Wheat was run with 51years (1966—2016) historical weather data to simulate the GPC and yield, and the optimal irrigation and nitrogen fertilization managements were selected. The CERES-Wheat model could accurately simulate winter wheat growth and GPC under different irrigation and nitrogen fertilization managements. While the aboveground and grain biomass were underestimated with severe nitrogen stress, and the relative root mean square error (RRMSE) values between simulated and measured were 10%~30%, which meant that the simulation results were good or medium. And GPC were overestimated with slight nitrogen stress. The RRMSE of GPC was 3.77%, and the simulation results were still excellent. The CERES-Wheat model was able to be used to simulate winter wheat quality and yield. GPC and yield had different responses to irrigation and nitrogen fertilization. But the coupling effects of irrigation depth and nitrogen fertilization, irrigation depth and irrigation frequency, and irrigation depth and irrigation times could improve GPC and yield at the same time. The selected final optimal management, with a basal dressing of 262.5kg/hm2 and 120mm irrigation depth at wintering stages, showed strong reliability under different climatic conditions in the Guanzhong Plain. The management could simultaneously meet the multiple requirements of high grain quality and yield, and would be more practical.

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劉建超,何建強(qiáng),武文杰,李正鵬,馬海姣,馮浩.水氮管理影響冬小麥品質(zhì)的CERES-Wheat模型模擬[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(7):271-278. LIU Jianchao, HE Jianqiang, WU Wenjie, LI Zhengpeng, MA Haijiao, FENG Hao. Effect of Irrigation and Nitrogen Fertilizer Managements on Winter Wheat Quality Based on CERES-Wheat Model[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(7):271-278.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-01-03
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-07-10
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