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平地向坡地轉(zhuǎn)換噴灌水量分布計算模型研究
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(51779246,、51409244)、陜西省科技統(tǒng)籌創(chuàng)新工程計劃項目(2016KTZDNY-01-03)和“十二五”國家科技支撐計劃項目(2015BAD22B01-02)


Calculated Model for Transforming Sprinkler Water Distribution from Flat Ground into Sloping Land
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    摘要:

    針對坡地噴灌水量分布實測困難問題,以坡地噴頭射程計算公式為基礎(chǔ),,依據(jù)噴頭射流方向總水量守恒原理,,構(gòu)建了噴灌水量分布由平地轉(zhuǎn)換到坡地的計算模型,,并通過試驗驗證了模型的正確性,。利用該模型,,分析了噴頭布置方式,、噴頭間距,、工作壓力和坡度等對坡面噴灌水量分布的影響,結(jié)果表明,,三角形布置有利于坡地單噴頭水量分布的疊加,,且其組合噴灌均勻度略高于方形布置;隨著噴頭間距的增大,,組合噴灌均勻度呈下降趨勢,;噴頭低壓運行時,組合噴灌均勻度相對較低,,不能滿足噴灌均勻性的要求,,隨著噴頭工作壓力的增大,組合噴灌均勻度逐漸增大,;在一定坡度范圍內(nèi),,不同坡度對水量分布和組合噴灌均勻度的影響較小。因此,,在坡地噴灌系統(tǒng)設(shè)計時,,若選用雨鳥LF1200型噴頭,建議采用三角形布置,,噴頭間距宜為1.0~1.2倍平地噴頭射程,,噴頭工作壓力宜選用300kPa,。

    Abstract:

    It is difficult to measure water distribution for sprinkler irrigation on sloping land. Based on the formula for calculating sprinkler range on sloping land, according to the principle of water balance along spray direction, a calculated model for transforming sprinkler water distribution from flat ground into sloping land was proposed and validated by an experiment. The effects of sprinkler layout, sprinkler spacing, operating pressure and slope on sprinkler water distribution on sloping land were analyzed by using the model. The results showed that water distribution for the sprinkler triangular arrangement was more uniform than that for square layout, and the combined sprinkler irrigation water application uniformity for the sprinkler triangular arrangement was slightly higher than that for square layout. The combined sprinkler irrigation water application uniformity was decreased with the increase of sprinkler spacing. When the sprinkler was operated at low pressure, the combined sprinkler irrigation water application uniformity was relatively low, and the low uniformity cannot meet the requirement of sprinkler irrigation uniformity. The combined sprinkler irrigation water application uniformity was increased with the increase of sprinkler pressure. The effect of slope on water distribution and the combined sprinkler irrigation water application uniformity was insignificant within a certain slope. Therefore, if the Rainbird LF1200 sprinkler was used in the sprinkler irrigation system design on sloping land, it was recommended that the sprinkler spacing should be 1.0~1.2 times as the spraying range on flat ground with the triangular arrangement, and the sprinkler operating pressure should be 300kPa.

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張林,惠鑫,陳俊英.平地向坡地轉(zhuǎn)換噴灌水量分布計算模型研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2018,49(7):252-260. ZHANG Lin, HUI Xin, CHEN Junying. Calculated Model for Transforming Sprinkler Water Distribution from Flat Ground into Sloping Land[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(7):252-260.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-05-05
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-07-10
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