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水稻秸稈堆肥發(fā)酵粗制肥料中微生物多樣性研究
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(41503068,、31770543)、江蘇省自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(BK20150496,、BK20150497)和江蘇省高校自然科學(xué)研究面上項(xiàng)目(15KJB550002)


Characteristic Analysis of Microbial Diversity in Crud Fertilizer from Compost of Rice Straw
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    摘要:

    研究基于Illumina平臺的高通量測序技術(shù),,初步解析等量的,、不同氮源添加(尿素和牛糞)的水稻秸稈經(jīng)堆肥發(fā)酵后制得粗制肥料中細(xì)菌和真核微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)和多樣性,。添加尿素和牛糞發(fā)酵成的粗制肥料中分別得到897個(gè)和954個(gè)細(xì)菌可操縱分類單元(Operational taxonomic unit, OTU),,以及508個(gè)和585個(gè)真核微生物OTU,,且添加牛糞處理的細(xì)菌和真核微生物群落豐富度和多樣性均高于添加尿素處理,。添加尿素制得粗制肥料以放線菌門(Actinobacteria,,71.9%)的Streptomyces(40.9%)和Cellulosimicrobium(22.2%)菌屬為最優(yōu)勢的細(xì)菌類群,以真菌子囊菌門(Ascomycota,,70.0%)的Pichia(46.1%)菌屬為主要優(yōu)勢的真核微生物類群,。添加牛糞制得粗制肥料以變形菌門(Proteobacteria,,58.5%)的Pseudomonas(47.8%)菌屬為最優(yōu)勢的細(xì)菌類群,以真菌子囊菌門(Ascomycota,,425%)的Aspergillus(23.9%)菌屬和接合菌門(Zygomycota,,20.5%)的Mucor(9.4%)菌屬為主要優(yōu)勢的真核微生物類群。研究結(jié)果表明,,不同的氮源添加可導(dǎo)致水稻秸稈堆肥發(fā)酵制得粗制肥料中形成具有不同優(yōu)勢種群結(jié)構(gòu)的細(xì)菌和真核微生物群落,,并會導(dǎo)致腐熟各階段發(fā)揮作用的微生物類群的差異。

    Abstract:

    Based on the highthroughput DNA sequencing of Illumina, the microbial community composition of the compost of rice straw added with urea or cow dung as the nitrogen source was entirely clarified, respectively. Totally 897 and 954 bacterial operational taxonomic unit (OTU) was obtained from the treatment applied with urea and manure, targeting the V4 region of bacterial 16S rRNA partial gene. The richness index and diversity index of bacterial community in the treatment applied with manure were higher than that in the treatment applied with urea. In the treatment applied with urea, the bacterial phylum Actinobacteria was the most dominant group (71.9%), and the genus Streptomyces and Cellulosimicrobium were the main genus of 40.9% and 22.2%, respectively. In the treatment applied with manure, the bacterial phylum Proteobacteria was the most dominant group (58.5%), and the genus Pseudomonas was the main genus of 47.8%. Totally 508 and 585 eukaryotic microbial operational taxonomic unit (OTU) was obtained from the treatment applied with urea and manure, targeting the V4 region of eukaryotic 18S rRNA partial gene. The richness index and diversity index of eukaryotic community in the treatment applied with manure were higher than that in the treatment applied with urea. In the treatment applied with urea, the fungal phylum Ascomycota was the most dominant group (70.0%), and the genus Pichia was the main genus of 46.1%. In the treatment applied with manure, the fungal phylum Ascomycota was still the most dominant group (42.5%), following by the fungal phylum Zygomycota (20.5%). The genus Aspergillus (23.9%) and Mucor (9.4%) were the main genus. The results showed that different nitrogen sources could lead to the formation of bacterial and eukaryotic microbial communities with different predominant population structures in crude fertilizers from rice straw compost fermentation, which may lead to the differences of microbial groups that played a role in the stages of composting. Isolation and compounding of the above dominant microbial populations, together with the application of appropriate urea and manure, was likely to make the process of fermenting rice straw to crude fertilizers more rapid.

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朱琳,曾椿淋,高鳳,施愛平,毛罕平,魏巍.水稻秸稈堆肥發(fā)酵粗制肥料中微生物多樣性研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(7):228-234. ZHU Lin, ZENG Chunlin, GAO Feng, SHI Aiping, MAO Hanping, WEI Wei. Characteristic Analysis of Microbial Diversity in Crud Fertilizer from Compost of Rice Straw[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(7):228-234.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-12-12
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-07-10
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