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寒地黑土區(qū)水稻植株干物質積累對耗水過程的響應
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2016YFC0400101),、黑龍江省博士后科學基金項目(LBH-Z17017)和農業(yè)部農業(yè)水資源高效利用重點實驗室開放項目(2017009)


Response of Rice Dry Matter Accumulation to Water Consumption Process in Cold Black Soil Region
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    摘要:

    為了探究寒地黑土區(qū)水稻植株干物質積累對耗水過程的響應規(guī)律,于2017年在黑龍江省水稻灌溉試驗站的蒸滲儀內進行了水稻耗水試驗。采用U7(76)均勻試驗設計,,深入解析了各生育階段耗水量對水稻干物質量及干物質積累過程的影響,。結果表明,,各生育階段耗水量對水稻干物質積累的影響決定系數(shù)由大到小依次為:抽穗開花期,、拔節(jié)孕穗期與抽穗開花期的耦合效應,、拔節(jié)孕穗期,、抽穗開花期與乳熟期的耦合效應,、分蘗中期與抽穗開花期的耦合效應、分蘗中期與拔節(jié)孕穗期的耦合效應,、分蘗中期,。在水稻營養(yǎng)生長階段,各階段耗水量通過影響干物質積累進入快速增長的時間和最快增長速率,,進而間接影響干物質積累量,,分蘗中期耗水量每增加1mm,將提前0.459d進入干物質積累快速增長階段,;拔節(jié)孕穗期耗水量每增加1mm,,干物質積累的最快增長速率提高0.0113g/d。進入生殖生長階段,,各階段耗水量對干物質積累量的直接影響大于間接影響,。各生育階段耗水量對水稻產量和干物質量的影響排序相同,由大到小依次為:抽穗開花期,、拔節(jié)孕穗期,、分蘗中期、乳熟期,、分蘗前期,、分蘗后期,拔節(jié)孕穗期,、抽穗開花期耗水量與水稻經(jīng)濟系數(shù)呈顯著負相關,。研究結果可為寒地黑土區(qū)水稻合理制定灌溉制度提供理論依據(jù)。

    Abstract:

    In order to explore the response of rice dry matter accumulation to the water consumption process in the cold black soil region, the rice water consumption test was performed by evapotranspiration in the rice irrigation test station in Heilongjiang Province in 2017. The U7(76) uniform test was conducted to analyze the influence of water consumption in each growth stage on rice dry matter quality and dry matter accumulation process deeply. The results showed that the order (from large to small) of the determinant coefficient of water consumption in each stage on rice dry matter quality was bloom, coupling effect of jointing and booting with bloom, jointing and booting, coupling effect of bloom with milkripe, coupling effect of filled tillering with bloom, coupling effect of filled tillering with jointing and booting, and filled tillering. During the rice vegetative growth stages, through the time the dry matter accumulation entered into the rapid growth stage and the maximum of growth rate, the water consumption affected the dry matter accumulation quality indirectly. Each additional millimeter of water consumption in filled tillering would shorten the time the dry matter accumulation entered into the rapid growth stage by 0.459d;while each additional millimeter of water consumption in jointing and booting would speed up the dry matter accumulation in 0.0113g/d. During the reproductive growth stages, the direct effect of water consumption on the dry matter quality was greater than that of indirect effect. The effects of water consumption in each stage on rice yield and dry matter quality were the same, and the order from large to small was bloom, jointing and booting, filled tillering, milkripe, early tillering, and late tillering, while the water consumptions in jointing and booting stage and in bloom stage were negatively correlated with the economic coefficient. The result could provide theoretical basis for making the irrigation system in cold black soil region.

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劉慧,魏永霞,汝晨.寒地黑土區(qū)水稻植株干物質積累對耗水過程的響應[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2018,49(7):195-204. LIU Hui, WEI Yongxia, RU Chen. Response of Rice Dry Matter Accumulation to Water Consumption Process in Cold Black Soil Region[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(7):195-204.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-01-16
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-07-10
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