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WheatGrow model is a mechanism model for the simulation of growth and development process of wheat spike differentiation, but the crop varietal parameters to drive the model are more difficult to obtain, which greatly limits its application. Shangqiu, which is in Henan Provice was taken as the studying area and the sensitivity of varietal parameters of WheatGrow model was analyzed with the method of one-at-a-time (OAT). On this basis, the cost function was constructed with start date of heading as the constraint condition, and shuffled complex evolution method developed at the University of Arizona（SCE-UA） was applied to search for optimal varietal parameters. At last, a series of experiments on spike differentiation stages were carried out in two years (from 2015 to 2016 and from 2016 to 2017) to verify optimized results and the model. The results showed that intrinsic earliness (IE) had the most significant effect on the simulation results of spike differentiation stages, temperature sensitivity (TS) had higher sensitivity than photoperiod sensitivity (PS) and physiological vernalization time (PVT), and the sensitivity of physiological vernalization time (PVT) was the lowest of all varietal parameters. The mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE) between the simulated and the observed values of the spike differentiation stages based on the optimized parameters were both less than three days, indicating that the SCE-UA algorithm can effectively obtain the optimal parameters of WheatGrow model. Therefore, the SCE-UA algorithm was a feasible optimization method for WheatGrow calibration and validation.