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鋪膜插秧后水田3SCJ-1型除草機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國家現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系崗位科學(xué)家項(xiàng)目(CARS-01-44)和黑龍江省現(xiàn)代產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)協(xié)同創(chuàng)新體系崗位專家項(xiàng)目


Design and Experiment of 3SCJ-1 Type Weeding Machine for Paddy Field Applied to Film Mulching and Transplanting
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    摘要:

    為實(shí)現(xiàn)鋪膜插秧種植方式的有機(jī)水稻全程綠色無污染化作業(yè),解決地膜兩側(cè)單行內(nèi)雜草難以根除的問題,,根據(jù)農(nóng)藝要求,,設(shè)計(jì)了一種針對鋪膜插秧后除草作業(yè)的3SCJ-1型單行水田除草機(jī),。闡述了基本結(jié)構(gòu)組成和工作原理,分析了除草部件的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)與動(dòng)力學(xué)特征,,建立了除草部件、機(jī)架與仿形浮漂整體的力學(xué)模型,推導(dǎo)出除草機(jī)的驅(qū)動(dòng)扭矩,。以機(jī)器前進(jìn)速度和除草深度為試驗(yàn)影響因素,除草率作為評價(jià)指標(biāo),對除草性能進(jìn)行單因素田間試驗(yàn),,并運(yùn)用Design-Expert 8.0.6軟件對試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析,,得到影響因素與評價(jià)指標(biāo)之間的數(shù)學(xué)模型。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)機(jī)器前進(jìn)速度從0.3m/s增大至0.6m/s時(shí),,除草率先增大后減小,,并在前進(jìn)速度為0.45m/s時(shí),除草率達(dá)到最大值(78.52%),;當(dāng)除草深度從50mm增大至110mm時(shí),,除草率持續(xù)增大,但考慮到除草機(jī)的功耗,,最佳除草深度取為50~100mm,,在除草深度為100mm時(shí),除草率為79.26%,。除草機(jī)平均除草率為78.02%,,滿足鋪膜插秧種植方式水田除草的農(nóng)藝要求。

    Abstract:

    Rice mulching and transplanting technology is a great innovation in organic rice cultivation. It has many advantages such as temperature-increasing, water-holding, fertilizer-maintaining, improving physical and chemical properties, raising fertility, reducing weed growth, alleviating disease, increasing yield and so on. There are many researches about paddy weeding machine around the world, however, there is no mature weeding machine for mulching rice in paddy field. A new type of 3SCJ-1weeding machine was designed by using new weeding components for transplanting rice of organic rice. The motor power of the machine was provided by a two-stroke engine, which consisted frame, power transmission system, floater and compound weeding components, including walking wheel and weeding device. It achieved pulling and bury-pressing on weeds through the rotation of weeding device, kinematics and dynamics analysis of the weeding device were carried out at the same time. In June 2017, experiments were conducted in Wuchang by taking the forward speed and weeding depth as variables, and taking weeding rate as index. The results showed that when the forward speed was increased from 0.3m/s to 0.6m/s, the weeding rate was increased first and then decreased, and the weeding rate reached the maximun, which was 78.52% at the forward speed of 0.45m/s;when the weeding depth was ranged from 50mm to 110mm, the weeding rate was increased continuously, however, considering the power consumption of weeding machine, the best weeding depth was 50~100mm,,and the weeding rate reached 79.26% at the weeding depth of 100mm, the average weeding rate of the weeding machine was 78.02%, which could satisfy the weeding agronomic requirements of mulching paddy field.

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王金武,李超,李鑫,李響,王金峰.鋪膜插秧后水田3SCJ-1型除草機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(4):102-109. WANG Jinwu, LI Chao, LI Xin, LI Xiang, WANG Jinfeng. Design and Experiment of 3SCJ-1 Type Weeding Machine for Paddy Field Applied to Film Mulching and Transplanting[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(4):102-109.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-08-03
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-04-10
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