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便攜式山核桃高空拍打采摘機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51475002)


Design and Experiment of Portable Walnut High-altitude Pat-picking Machine
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    摘要:

    為了解決我國(guó)山核桃高空采摘困難,、提高采摘效率、降低采摘成本,,根據(jù)山核桃果實(shí)與樹枝分離力試驗(yàn)結(jié)果,,設(shè)計(jì)了便攜式山核桃仿人工高空拍打采摘裝置。闡述了采摘機(jī)關(guān)鍵部件設(shè)計(jì)過程,,并對(duì)采打機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了數(shù)學(xué)建模與計(jì)算,,應(yīng)用ADAMS對(duì)采打機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行仿真,,確定了拍打機(jī)構(gòu)的機(jī)構(gòu)與工作參數(shù),為采摘機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)提供了依據(jù),。山核桃采摘試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:果實(shí)采凈率具有顯著性影響(P=0.05),,果實(shí)采凈率隨拍打頻率的增大而增大,頻率在13.33Hz時(shí)達(dá)到最大值,,采凈率為90.3%,;對(duì)枝芽損傷較小,,但拍打頻率越大,,對(duì)枝芽損傷越明顯,建議拍打頻率采用10~13.33Hz,,此時(shí)平均采凈率達(dá)到85.1%~90.3%,,且對(duì)枝芽沒有破壞性損傷。

    Abstract:

    In order to solve the problem of high altitude picking difficulty, improve the picking efficiency and reduce the cost of picking, according to the test results of the separation of pecan fruit and tree branches, a portable pecan artificial high-altitude pat-picking device was designed. The key parts of the picking machine were mainly introduced, the establishment and calculation of the mathematical model were carried out for the mining mechanism, ADAMS was used to simulate for mining mechanism, the mechanism and working parameters of the mining mechanism were determined, which provided the basis for the design of picking machine, and the prototypes were made. Pecan picking experiment was carried out, the results indicated that the net rate of fruit picking had a significant effect at P=0.05, the net rate of fruit picking was increased gradually with the frequency of slapping, when slapping frequency peaked at 13.33Hz, the net rate of fruit picking was 90.3%, which had less bud damage, but the faster the flapping frequency was, the more obvious the damage was to the bud, therefore, the average net rate would reach 85.1%~90.3% when flapping frequency was recommended to be 10~13.33Hz, and no destructive damage to bud.

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曹成茂,詹超,孫燕,李澤澤,吳問天,丁冉.便攜式山核桃高空拍打采摘機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(3):130-137. CAO Chengmao, ZHAN Chao, SUN Yan, LI Zeze, WU Wentian, DING Ran. Design and Experiment of Portable Walnut High-altitude Pat-picking Machine[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(3):130-137.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-07-21
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-03-10
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