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功能膜覆蓋好氧堆肥過程氨氣減排性能研究
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國(guó)家國(guó)際科技合作專項(xiàng)(2015DFA90370)和歐盟框架計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(690142)


Reduction of Ammonia Emission during Membrane-covered Aerobic Composting
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    摘要:

    畜禽糞便高溫好氧堆肥過程中氨氣的排放不僅污染環(huán)境,而且會(huì)降低有機(jī)肥氮素含量,。因此,,控制好氧堆肥過程中氨揮發(fā)是降低氮損失及減少堆肥周邊環(huán)境惡臭的關(guān)鍵,。為研究膜覆蓋對(duì)畜禽糞便好氧堆肥過程氨氣揮發(fā)的影響,,以豬糞和小麥秸稈為試驗(yàn)原料,,采用具有選擇滲透性的Gore膜作為覆蓋材料,,在實(shí)驗(yàn)室好氧堆肥反應(yīng)器系統(tǒng)中進(jìn)行了為期27d的好氧堆肥試驗(yàn),。試驗(yàn)設(shè)置覆膜組和對(duì)照組,,采用開啟1h,、關(guān)閉1h間歇通風(fēng)方式,通風(fēng)速率為3L/min,,重點(diǎn)監(jiān)測(cè)堆肥過程堆體溫度,、氧濃度和NH3排放速率等。研究表明:覆膜組比對(duì)照組高溫期持續(xù)時(shí)間略長(zhǎng),,更有利于殺死堆體有害病原菌,;相比于對(duì)照組,覆膜組NH3排放量減少18.87%,;相比于溫度峰值出現(xiàn)的時(shí)間,,兩組試驗(yàn)NH3峰值出現(xiàn)時(shí)間均延后,,且覆膜組延后時(shí)間更長(zhǎng)。

    Abstract:

    The emission of ammonia in manure high temperature aerobic composting not only polluted the air but also reduced the nitrogen content of organic fertilizer. Therefore, the control of composting process of ammonia volatilization is the key of reducing nitrogen loss and environment ordor emission. In order to study the effect of membrane covered on reducing the emission of ammonia in manure aerobic composting, pig manure and wheat straw were used as experimental materials, and Gore film with selective permeability was used as covering material, the aerobic composting trial was carried out in a lab-scale intelligent membrane-covered aerobic composting reactor system for 27d. There were membrane-covered treatment and control treatment in this trial. Air blown at an hourly interval (flow velocity of 3L/min through the pipe at the bottom of the reactor diffused through the composting material to maintain aerobic conditions. The composting temperature, oxygen content and ammonia concentration were measured during the composting. The results showed that the high temperature duration of the membrane-covered group was longer than that of the control group, and it was more beneficial to kill the harmful pathogens. Compared with the control group, the NH3 emission in the membrane-covered group was decreased by 18.87%. Compared with the peak time of the temperature, the peak time of NH3 peak in both groups was delayed, and the delay time of the membrane-covered group was longer, and the phenomenon that peak value of NH3 lagged temperature was further revealed.

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馬雙雙,孫曉曦,韓魯佳,李仁權(quán),UWE Schlick,黃光群.功能膜覆蓋好氧堆肥過程氨氣減排性能研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2017,48(11):344-349. MA Shuangshuang, SUN Xiaoxi, HAN Lujia, LI Renquan, UWE Schlick, HUANG Guangqun. Reduction of Ammonia Emission during Membrane-covered Aerobic Composting[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(11):344-349.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-07-21
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2017-11-10
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