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雞毛交聯(lián)纖維素多功能鋅肥制備與性能研究
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國際科技合作與交流專項(xiàng)(2015DFG31860)


Preparation and Properties of Multi-functional Zinc Fertilizer Made by Cross-linking Chicken Feathers and Cellulose
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    摘要:

    以雞毛(CF)和纖維素(Cell)為原料,氫氧化鉀/水/尿素(KOH/H2O/CO(NH2)2)體系為復(fù)合溶劑,堿解雞毛得到雞毛堿解液,然后向雞毛堿解液加入纖維素形成凝膠化的混合物,,為發(fā)揮凝膠基質(zhì)中官能團(tuán)的保肥作用向其內(nèi)部加入微量元素Zn,,經(jīng)過干燥并造粒,,最后得到含N(150.6mg/g),、K(136.7mg/g),、Zn(13.9mg/g)并同時(shí)含有硫,、多肽和氨基酸等營養(yǎng)成分的雞毛交聯(lián)纖維素凝膠肥料(Cell-CF),。利用紅外光譜(FTIR)、X射線衍射(XRD),、X射線光電子能譜(XPS),、熒光顯微鏡對Cell-CF水凝膠的交聯(lián)結(jié)構(gòu)及形成機(jī)理進(jìn)行分析與表征。結(jié)果表明:經(jīng)復(fù)合溶劑處理后雞毛和纖維素原料的結(jié)晶結(jié)構(gòu)破壞較完全,,Cell-CF中的多肽和纖維素進(jìn)行了分子間的穿插折疊并形成了較強(qiáng)的分子間作用力,,Cell-CF中的官能團(tuán)與鋅離子進(jìn)行了絡(luò)合反應(yīng)。另外,,土壤培養(yǎng)實(shí)驗(yàn)和玉米盆栽實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,,Cell-CF中鋅的生物有效性高、肥效期長,可作為一種長效鋅肥,。

    Abstract:

    The development of new fertilizers from agricultural and industrial wastes could be both environmentally-friendly and low-cost. High-value utilization of chicken feather (CF) and cellulose (Cell) has always been a challenging endeavor. A multi-functional zinc-rich fertilizer was developed by cross-linking CF and Cell with KOH/H2O/CO(NH2)2 (KOH, 1.5mol/L;CO(NH2)2, 0.12g/mL) being a composite solvent, which was named Cell-CF. The main procedures were: the CF was firstly gone through alkaline hydrolysis in the composite solvent with ratio of solid to water of 1∶10 at temperature of 75℃ for 2h, then the polypeptide solution was obtained and cooled at -12℃;secondly, the Cell (0.06g/mL) was immersed into the polypeptide solution and the Cell-CF hydrogel was obtained after high-intensity stirring for 30min;thirdly, dilute H2SO4 solution was used to adjust the pH value of Cell-CF gel to 6.5;fourthly, ZnSO4·7H2O was added to the gel followed by constant stirring of 1h;finally, the above gel was prilled with a 1cm×1cm×1cm cubic mould and dried at 60℃ in oven. Chemical analyses of the granulated Cell-CF fertilizer showed that it contained nitrogen of 150.6mg/g, potassium of 136.7mg/g and zinc of 13.9mg/g. Water sorption measurement indicated that Cell-CF had good swelling capacity in water. Hydrostatic nutrients release experiment revealed that Cell-CF could slow down the release of potassium and zinc into water. The formation mechanism of cross-linking structure of Cell-CF was investigated by FTIR and X-ray. It was demonstrated that the crystal structures of CF and Cell were destroyed after being treated with the composite solvent, and there was hydrogen bond interaction between the polypeptide and Cell. After the Cell-CF was immersed into water for 8h, strong fluorescence signal was detected from the crossed Cell-CF while there was no fluorescence around Cell-CF, meaning that the polypeptide was not dissolved in water and the molecular interactions between Cell and CF were strong. Photoelectron spectroscopy results showed that zinc was chelated with the functional groups of Cell-CF. Soil incubation experiment and pot experiment showed that Cell-CF could release high bio-available zinc in a long term.

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許晨陽,曹勝磊,耿增超,孫潤倉.雞毛交聯(lián)纖維素多功能鋅肥制備與性能研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2017,48(11):271-279. XU Chenyang, CAO Shenglei, GENG Zengchao, SUN Runcang. Preparation and Properties of Multi-functional Zinc Fertilizer Made by Cross-linking Chicken Feathers and Cellulose[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(11):271-279.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-03-06
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2017-11-10
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