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鏟齒組合式殘膜撿拾裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)優(yōu)化
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農(nóng)業(yè)部公益性行業(yè)科研專(zhuān)項(xiàng)(201503105)和中國(guó)工程院咨詢(xún)項(xiàng)目(2017-XZ-18)


Design and Test Optimization on Spade and Tine Combined Residual Plastic Film Device
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)新疆平作區(qū)棉花殘膜回收機(jī)起膜,、拾膜分步作業(yè)造成殘膜回收率低、含雜率高的問(wèn)題,提出了起膜,、拾膜協(xié)同作業(yè)的思路,設(shè)計(jì)了一種鏟齒組合式(同步起膜、拾膜)殘膜回收裝置。通過(guò)對(duì)起膜鏟起膜機(jī)理進(jìn)行分析,,確定了起膜鏟導(dǎo)曲面參數(shù)方程和主要結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù);通過(guò)對(duì)撿拾滾筒拾膜過(guò)程運(yùn)動(dòng)及受力分析,,確定了拾膜齒桿能夠“扎”起殘膜的必要條件,。運(yùn)用Design-Expert 8.0.6數(shù)據(jù)分析軟件中心組合試驗(yàn)方法對(duì)組合式殘膜撿拾裝置的關(guān)鍵參數(shù)進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn),建立了起膜鏟入土角,、撿拾滾筒轉(zhuǎn)速,、機(jī)具前進(jìn)速度與殘膜回收率和含雜率的三元二次回歸模型。采用非線(xiàn)性?xún)?yōu)化計(jì)算方法,,對(duì)影響因素進(jìn)行綜合優(yōu)化計(jì)算,。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)起膜鏟入土角為30°、拾膜滾筒轉(zhuǎn)速為120r/min,、機(jī)具前進(jìn)速度為1.0m/s時(shí),殘膜回收率為90.3%,,含雜率為4.1%,,比起膜、拾膜分步作業(yè)條件下的殘膜回收率提高了5.3個(gè)百分點(diǎn),,含雜率降低了4.8個(gè)百分點(diǎn),。試驗(yàn)指標(biāo)均達(dá)到了國(guó)家和行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求,試驗(yàn)結(jié)果滿(mǎn)足設(shè)計(jì)要求,。

    Abstract:

    Plastic film mulching cultivation technique has the characteristics of increasing temperature and conserving soil moisture and improving the crop fertility conditions. It is an effective measure to realize the early maturing, high quality, high yield and high economic benefit. However, with the expansion of plastic mulching planting area, the plastic film had a serious impact on the root growth, emergence and yield of crops. The mechanized film recycling is an effective means to solve the problem of residual film pollution. There are many ways of recycling equipment, but from the actual use of view, there are some problems. Aiming at the problems of low film recycling rate and high impurity rate, the idea of putting spading film and picking film together was proposed, and a combined type (synchronous spading and picking up) residual film collector device was designed. By analyzing the mechanism of spade film formation, the parametric equation and the main structural parameters of spalling surface were established. Through the analysis of movement and force of pick-up roller, the necessary conditions for the tine to “tie” the residual film were determined. Design-Export 8.0.6 was used to test the key parameters of the combined residual film pick-up device. The ternary quadratic regression model was established, which included penetrating angle of film releasing shovels, rotational speed of picking roller, forward speed of machine, and film recycling rate and impurity rate. The nonlinear optimization method was used to optimize the influence factors. The results showed that the film recycling rate was 90.3% and the impurity rate was 4.1% when the angle of film releasing shovels was 30°, the rotational speed of picking roller was 120r/min, and the forward speed was 1.0m/s. The film recycling rate was increased by 5.3 percentage points and the impurity rate was decreased by 4.8 percentage points, compared with the spade and tine step by step. Test indicators reached the national and industry standards, and the test results met the design requirements.

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由佳翰,張本華,溫浩軍,康建明,宋玉秋,陳學(xué)庚.鏟齒組合式殘膜撿拾裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)優(yōu)化[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2017,48(11):97-104. YOU Jiahan, ZHANG Benhua, WEN Haojun, KANG Jianming, SONG Yuqiu, CHEN Xuegeng. Design and Test Optimization on Spade and Tine Combined Residual Plastic Film Device[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(11):97-104.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-02-27
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  • 在線(xiàn)發(fā)布日期: 2017-11-10
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