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抓持-旋切式欠驅(qū)動(dòng)雙指手葡萄采摘裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51475212)和江蘇高校優(yōu)勢(shì)學(xué)科建設(shè)工程項(xiàng)目(蘇政辦發(fā)(2014)37號(hào))


Design and Experiment of Grape-picking Device with Grasping and Rotary-cut Type of Underactuated Double Fingered Hand
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)葡萄的柔性無(wú)損采摘要求,基于欠驅(qū)動(dòng)原理和抓持-旋切協(xié)同工作方式設(shè)計(jì)了一種欠驅(qū)動(dòng)雙指手葡萄采摘裝置,,一個(gè)電動(dòng)機(jī)通過(guò)連桿機(jī)構(gòu)驅(qū)動(dòng)雙指四指節(jié)手爪從果實(shí)中部接近并包絡(luò)抓取葡萄,,復(fù)合在雙指手上的旋切部件擺動(dòng)-伸縮帶動(dòng)圓盤刀切斷果梗,,實(shí)現(xiàn)果實(shí)與果梗分離,?;诖嗽O(shè)計(jì)思路,,首先通過(guò)葡萄赤道面直徑分析確定了欠驅(qū)動(dòng)手指機(jī)構(gòu)指節(jié)尺寸與轉(zhuǎn)角范圍,然后通過(guò)建立欠驅(qū)動(dòng)手指機(jī)構(gòu)靜力學(xué)模型,,基于傳力最優(yōu)和接觸力均布的要求確定了驅(qū)動(dòng)連桿尺寸,,結(jié)合接觸力分析和葡萄擠壓破裂試驗(yàn),獲得抓持2kg葡萄不發(fā)生損傷的最大接觸力為20N,,再通過(guò)手指機(jī)構(gòu)靜力學(xué)模型求解獲得驅(qū)動(dòng)電動(dòng)機(jī)的推力,,從而指導(dǎo)驅(qū)動(dòng)電動(dòng)機(jī)的選型。設(shè)計(jì)了葡萄采摘裝置控制系統(tǒng),,通過(guò)指節(jié)處壓力傳感器實(shí)時(shí)反饋接觸力實(shí)現(xiàn)最大接觸力的有效控制,。采用加減速梯形控制方式實(shí)現(xiàn)了旋切部件運(yùn)動(dòng),圓盤刀轉(zhuǎn)速1200r/min可對(duì)果梗有效切斷,。對(duì)赤道面直徑95~200mm的葡萄進(jìn)行50次采摘試驗(yàn),,試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明該裝置的采摘成功率為100%,,果實(shí)擠傷率為5.2%,不考慮視覺(jué)定位葡萄與果梗的耗時(shí),,完成一次抓持-旋切動(dòng)作平均耗時(shí)29.4s,。

    Abstract:

    According to the requirements of flexible and nondestructive grape-picking, a kind of grape-picking device with a grasping and rotary-cut type of underactuated double fingered hand was developed based on the underactuated principle and cooperative working mode of grasping and rotary-cut. To realize the separation of the fruit from the stalk, an electric motor drove a double fingered hand with four knuckles by a linkage mechanism, and the hand approached from the middle of the grape and enveloped it. Its rotary-cut device installed on the hand drove the cutting disc to cut off the stalk by the jigging and telescopic motion. Based on this design idea, the dimensions and rotation angle range of two knuckles of underactuated finger mechanism were firstly determined by analyzing equatorial diameter of grape. Then, the static model of the underactuated finger mechanism was established, and the driven linkage size was determined according to the requirements of optimal force transfer and well-distributed contact force. Combining with the contact force analysis and squeezing-bursting test of the grapes, maximum contact force of grasping 2kg grape without damage was obtained, which was equal to 20N. Thrust force of the electric motor was obtained by solving the static model of the underactuated finger mechanism, and type choice of the electric motor was directed according to the thrust force. The control system of grape-picking device was designed, and the effective control of maximum contact force was realized according to real-time feedback of contact force from four pressure sensors fixed on knuckles. The motion of the rotary-cut device was realized by adopting the control mode of acceleration and deceleration, cutting disc can effectively cut off the stalk with the speed of 1200r/min. By picking 50 bunches of grapes with the equatorial diameter ranged from 95mm to 200mm, the results of grape-picking tests showed that the picking success rate of the device was 100%, extrusion wound rate of grapes was 5.2%, and average cost time of the device was 29.4s without consideration of time consuming of vision localization of grape and its stalk to complete a grasping and rotary-cut motion.

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尹建軍,陳永河,賀坤,劉繼展.抓持-旋切式欠驅(qū)動(dòng)雙指手葡萄采摘裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2017,48(11):12-20. YIN Jianjun, CHEN Yonghe, HE Kun, LIU Jizhan. Design and Experiment of Grape-picking Device with Grasping and Rotary-cut Type of Underactuated Double Fingered Hand[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(11):12-20.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-03-10
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2017-11-10
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